Design and Development of the Red Cross Mobile Flush Toilet Toward the Smart Design Shelter

In emergencies, access to a proper toilet is a difficult challenge. The damage to basic infrastructure disturbs the operation of flushing toilets in shelters. Therefore, this study aims to develop a mobile flush toilet which is independent from the existing power supply, water supply and drainage. The field test was successfully conducted in the flood affected areas. The access to a proper toilet can be improved by prepositioning this mobile toilet, before disasters, at the public facilities which are used as shelters in emergencies. Furthermore, this toilet system can be used in developing countries where basic infrastructure is underdeveloped.