A nonlinear two-fluid model for toroidal plasmas

A nonlinear numerical model for the two-fluid (electron and ion fluid) description of the evolution of a plasma in toroidal geometry, MH3D-T, is described. The model extends the “drift” ordering for small perturbations to arbitrary perturbation size. It is similar, but not identical, to the collisional Braginskii equations. The ion gyroviscous stress tensor, Hall terms, temperature diamagnetic drifts, and a separate electron pressure evolution are included. The model stresses the (fluid) parallel dynamics by solving the density evolution together with the temperature equations, including the thermal equilibration along the magnetic field. It includes the neoclassical, collisional parallel viscous forces for electrons and ions. The model has been benchmarked against the stabilizing effects of the ion diamagnetic drift ω*i on the m=1, n=1 reconnecting mode in a cylinder. The stabilization mechanism is shown to be poloidal rotation of the global kink flow of the plasma mass vi within q<1, relative to the loc...

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