SimNet: A new algorithm for measuring brain networks similarity

Measuring similarity among graphs is recognized as a non-trivial problem. Most of the algorithms proposed so far ignore the spatial location of vertices, which is a crucial factor in the context of brain networks. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm, called “SimNet”, for measuring the similarity between two graphs whose vertices represent the position of sources over the cortex. The novelty is to account for differences at the level of spatially-registered vertices and edges. Simulated graphs are used to evaluate the algorithm performance and to compare it with methods reported elsewhere. Results show that SimNet is able to quantify the similarity between two graphs under a spatial constraint based on the 3D location of edges. The application of SimNet on real data (dense EEG) reveals the presence of spatially-different brain networks modules activating during cognitive activity.

[1]  Karl J. Friston Functional and Effective Connectivity: A Review , 2011, Brain Connect..

[2]  Xuelong Li,et al.  A survey of graph edit distance , 2010, Pattern Analysis and Applications.

[3]  Danai Koutra,et al.  DELTACON: A Principled Massive-Graph Similarity Function , 2013, SDM.

[4]  O. Sporns,et al.  Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems , 2009, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[5]  Hector Garcia-Molina,et al.  Web graph similarity for anomaly detection , 2010, Journal of Internet Services and Applications.

[6]  Ana Beatriz Solana,et al.  Disparate Connectivity for Structural and Functional Networks is Revealed When Physical Location of the Connected Nodes is Considered , 2015, Brain Topography.

[7]  Mahmoud Hassan,et al.  EEG Source Connectivity Analysis: From Dense Array Recordings to Brain Networks , 2014, PloS one.

[8]  Ying Li,et al.  Measuring Similarity between Graphs Based on the Levenshtein Distance , 2013 .

[9]  Horst Bunke,et al.  A Graph-Theoretic Approach to Network Dynamics , 2007 .

[10]  Mahmoud Hassan,et al.  Spatiotemporal Analysis of Brain Functional Connectivity , 2015 .

[11]  L. da F. Costa,et al.  Characterization of complex networks: A survey of measurements , 2005, cond-mat/0505185.

[12]  Ping Zhu,et al.  A study of graph spectra for comparing graphs and trees , 2008, Pattern Recognit..

[13]  Anthony Randal McIntosh,et al.  Towards a network theory of cognition , 2000, Neural Networks.

[14]  Olaf Sporns,et al.  Complex network measures of brain connectivity: Uses and interpretations , 2010, NeuroImage.

[15]  Mario Vento,et al.  A (sub)graph isomorphism algorithm for matching large graphs , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[16]  F. Wendling,et al.  A new algorithm for spatiotemporal analysis of brain functional connectivity , 2015, Journal of Neuroscience Methods.

[17]  Jean-Loup Guillaume,et al.  Fast unfolding of communities in large networks , 2008, 0803.0476.

[18]  F X Alario,et al.  A set of 400 pictures standardized for French: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, visual complexity, image variability, and age of acquisition , 1999, Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc.