Requirements for divalent cations by hormonal mitogens and their interactions with sex steroids.

Summary Thymic lymphocyte proliferation in vitro may be modulated by a number of hormones. These hormones may be divided into two distinct functional groups based on their requirement for either calcium or magnesium ions in the extracellular milieu. The action of mitogenic hormones which require calcium ions is blocked by oestradiol, whereas the magnesium-dependent hormonal mitogens are ineffectual in the presence of testosterone.

[1]  A. Borle.  CALCIUM METABOLISM IN HELA CELLS AND THE EFFECTS OF PARATHYROID HORMONE , 1968, The Journal of cell biology.

[2]  D. Franks,et al.  The roles of calcium and cyclic AMP in the stimulatory action of parathyroid hormone on thymic lymphocyte proliferation , 1971, Journal of cellular physiology.

[3]  J. Whitfield,et al.  Stimulation by epinephrine of adenyl cyclase activity, cyclic AMP formation, DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in populations of rat thymic lymphocytes , 1971, Journal of cellular physiology.

[4]  J. Whitfield,et al.  REDUCTION OF MITOTIC DELAY IN IRRADIATED SUSPENSION CULTURES OF RAT THYMOCYTES BY AN ELEVATED SALT CONCENTRATION. , 1964, Experimental cell research.

[5]  J. Whitfield,et al.  Stimulation of mitosis in bone marrow and thymus of normal and irradiated rats by divalent cations and parathyroid extract. , 1967, Radiation research.

[6]  W. D. Patterson,et al.  THE FORMATION AND METABOLISM OF CYCLIC GMP * , 1971, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[7]  J. Whitfield,et al.  The calcium‐mediated promotion of mitotic activity in rat thymocyte populations by growth hormone, neurohormones, parathyroid hormone and prolactin , 1969, Journal of cellular physiology.

[8]  A. D. Perris,et al.  The influence of sex steroids on calcium‐ and magnesium‐induced mitogenesis in isolated rat thymic lymphocytes , 1974, Journal of cellular physiology.

[9]  J. Whitfield,et al.  Stimulation of mitotic activity and the initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in populations of rat thymic lymphocytes by magnesium , 1969, Journal of cellular physiology.

[10]  J. Hardman,et al.  Guanyl cyclase, an enzyme catalyzing the formation of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate from guanosine trihosphate. , 1969, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[11]  R. Isaacs,et al.  Concanavalin A and the initiation of thymic lymphoblast DNA synthesis and proliferation by a calcium‐dependent increase in cyclic GMP level , 1974, Journal of cellular physiology.

[12]  G R Smith,et al.  Inhibitory action of oestrogen on calcium-induced mitosis in rat bone marrow and thymus. , 1975, The Journal of endocrinology.

[13]  D. Elliott,et al.  Epinephrine and adrenocorticotropic hormone-stimulated magnesium accumulation in adipocytes and their plasma membranes. , 1974, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[14]  J. Whitfield,et al.  The influence of calcium on the cyclic AMP‐mediated stimulation of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation by prostaglandin E1 , 1972, Journal of cellular physiology.