A Virtual Grid-Based Routing Protocol for Mobile Sink-Based WSNs

In a non-uniform distributed network, data concentrating centers with sparse nodes deplete the battery energy faster, leading to the energy hole problem. To solve this problem, we proposed a virtual uneven grid-based routing protocol (VUGR), which divides these regions into smaller grid cells and makes them retire from the data concentrating center to decrease the energy consumption. Simulation results indicate that the VUGR protocol performs better than VGDRA in prolonging the network lifetime.

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