Salient and emerging developmental tasks in the transition to adulthood.

Drawing on data from a normative sample of 205 children tracked into adulthood, this study examined the predictive links from 3 salient (friendship, academic, conduct) and 2 emerging (work, romantic) developmental tasks during the transition years around age 20 to adult adaptation 10 years later. Results (a) confirm the utility of salient developmental tasks for predicting adult success, (b) suggest that emerging domains have limited long-term predictive significance, and (c) more generally support a view that developmental tasks follow a course through life of waxing and waning salience and organization that has implications for future adaptation.

[1]  A. Tellegen,et al.  STUDIES OF STRESS-RESISTANT CHILDREN: METHODS, VARIABLES, AND PRELIMINARY FINDINGS , 1984 .

[2]  E. Erikson Identity, youth, and crisis , 1968 .

[3]  L P Lipsitt,et al.  Life-span developmental psychology. , 1980, Annual review of psychology.

[4]  Adolescent and family predictors of physical aggression, communication, and satisfaction in young adult couples: a prospective analysis. , 2000 .

[5]  E. Carlson,et al.  Patterns of individual adaptation across childhood , 1991, Development and Psychopathology.

[6]  S. Harkness,et al.  The Developmental Niche: A Conceptualization at the Interface of Child and Culture , 1986 .

[7]  Glenn I. Roisman Beyond Main Effects Models of Adolescent Work Intensity, Family Closeness, and School Disengagement , 2002 .

[8]  L. Sroufe,et al.  The Coherence of Individual Development: Early Care, Attachment, and Subsequent Developmental Issues. , 1979 .

[9]  J. Arnett The Process of Globalization : Regional Snapshots , 2002 .

[10]  A. Masten,et al.  Peer reputation in middle childhood as a predictor of adaptation in adolescence: a seven-year follow-up. , 1991, Child development.

[11]  G. Vaillant,et al.  Natural history of male psychological health, X: Work as a predictor of positive mental health. , 1981, The American journal of psychiatry.

[12]  L. Sroufe,et al.  Illustrations of person-environment interaction from a longitudinal study. , 1991 .

[13]  A. Tellegen,et al.  Competence and stress in school children: the moderating effects of individual and family qualities. , 1988, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[14]  M. Stoolmiller,et al.  Aggression toward female partners by at-risk young men: the contribution of male adolescent friendships. , 2001, Developmental psychology.

[15]  J. Mortimer,et al.  Adolescent Work and the Early Socioeconomic Career , 2003 .

[16]  John Snarey,et al.  Childhood development as a predictor of adaptation in adulthood. , 1984 .

[17]  J. Beaman,et al.  Childhood Experience, Conceptions of Parenting, and Attitudes of Spouse as Determinants of Parental Behavior. , 1993 .

[18]  Attachment as an Organizational Construct , 1977 .

[19]  Phil A. Silva,et al.  Developmental antecedents of partner abuse: a prospective-longitudinal study. , 1998, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[20]  A. Masten,et al.  The changing importance of romantic relationship involvement to competence from late childhood to late adolescence , 1995, Development and Psychopathology.

[21]  L. Sroufe,et al.  Continuity of Adaptation in the Second Year: The Relationship Between Quality of Attachment and Later Competence , 1978 .

[22]  J. Arnett Emerging adulthood. A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. , 2000, The American psychologist.

[23]  Scott D. Gest,et al.  Competence in the context of adversity: Pathways to resilience and maladaptation from childhood to late adolescence , 1999, Development and Psychopathology.

[24]  W. Collins More than Myth: The Developmental Significance of Romantic Relationships During Adolescence , 2003 .

[25]  Robert J. Havighurst,et al.  Developmental tasks and education , 1943 .

[26]  J. Mortimer,et al.  The effects of work intensity on adolescent mental health, achievement, and behavioral adjustment: new evidence from a prospective study. , 1996, Child development.

[27]  S. Shulman,et al.  Adolescent Precursors of Romantic Relationships in Young Adulthood , 2001 .

[28]  J. Loevinger Measurement of Personality: True or False , 1993 .

[29]  L. Steinberg,et al.  Negative Impact of Part-Time Work on Adolescent Adjustment: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study. , 1993 .

[30]  Everett Waters,et al.  Social Competence as a Developmental Construct , 1983 .

[31]  W. Furman The Emerging Field of Adolescent Romantic Relationships , 2002 .