The relationship between selected parameters of a cephalometric analysis determining the vertical morphology of facial skeleton and bite force.

BACKGROUND There are few studies devoted to an assessment of the relation between bite force and detailed results of cephalometric analysis that determine craniofacial structure. The purpose of the study was to assess the correlation between the selected criteria determining the craniofacial structure and bite force in patients with normal and increased vertical relation of the bases of jaws and skull. METHODS The study material included 120 patients, aged between 7 and 17 years, who presented for examination and possible orthodontic treatment. The patients were divided into a study group and a control group. The basis of this division were ML-NL and ML-NSL angles, according to Segner's and Hasund's analysis standards, respectively: above 27° and above 30° in the study group, and 20.0±7.0° and 28.0±5.0° in the control group. Bite force was tested using a digital dynamometer calibrated in Newtons. The measurement was performed at the level of the first permanent molars. Vertical relations were assessed using the following cephalometric measurements: ML-NSL, ML-NL, NL-NSL, N-Me, Sp-Me, SpMe:NMe, ms-NL, SGo:NMe. RESULTS Bite force was not found to be dependent on the lower anterior face height (Sp-Me), the ratio of anterior lower to total anterior face height (SpMe:NMe), and NL-NSL angle both in patients with abnormal and normal relations of bases of jaws and skull. Although statistically non-significant, the average mean and maximum bite force values were found to be lower in patients with high-angle relation of bases of jaws and skull than in subjects with normal relation of bases of jaws and skull. CONCLUSIONS Among the selected parameters determining the vertical craniofacial structure, the rear height of the alveolar process (ms-NL) exerts the greatest influence on bite force in both patients with increased and normal vertical relation of bases of jaws and skull, and with an increase in the value of ms-NL, bite force is reduced.

[1]  E. Tanaka,et al.  Effects of gum chewing exercise on maximum bite force according to facial morphology , 2018, Clinical and experimental dental research.

[2]  J. Szymańska,et al.  The relationship between facial skeleton morphology and bite force in people with a normal relation of the bases of jaws and skull. , 2015, Folia morphologica.

[3]  L. Sonnesen,et al.  Risk factors for low molar bite force in adult orthodontic patients. , 2013, European journal of orthodontics.

[4]  Simona Tecco,et al.  Relation between facial morphology on lateral skull radiographs and sEMG activity of head, neck, and trunk muscles in Caucasian adult females. , 2011, Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology.

[5]  M. Motoyoshi,et al.  Relationship between masseter muscle size and maxillary morphology. , 2011, European journal of orthodontics.

[6]  M. Vitti,et al.  Masticatory muscle activity in children with a skeletal or dentoalveolar open bite. , 2010, European journal of orthodontics.

[7]  L. J. Pereira,et al.  Maximal bite force, facial morphology and sucking habits in young children with functional posterior crossbite , 2010, Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB.

[8]  A. Doǧan,et al.  Bite Force and Influential Factors on Bite Force Measurements: A Literature Review , 2010, European journal of dentistry.

[9]  S. Kiliaridis,et al.  Masseter muscle thickness and mechanical advantage in relation to vertical craniofacial morphology in children , 2008, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[10]  S. Kurihara,et al.  Change in maximum occlusal force in association with maxillofacial growth. , 2007, Orthodontics & craniofacial research.

[11]  E. G. Mota,et al.  Maximum occlusal force and medial mandibular flexure in relation to vertical facial pattern: a cross-sectional study , 2007, Head & face medicine.

[12]  A. van der Bilt,et al.  Muscle thickness, bite force, and craniofacial dimensions in adolescents with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction. , 2007, European journal of orthodontics.

[13]  M. Bakke,et al.  Molar bite force in relation to occlusion, craniofacial dimensions, and head posture in pre-orthodontic children. , 2005, European journal of orthodontics.

[14]  A. Jacobson.  Masseter muscle thickness and maxillary dental arch width , 2003 .

[15]  Jeryl D English,et al.  Maximum bite force, muscle efficiency and mechanical advantage in children with vertical growth patterns. , 2003, European journal of orthodontics.

[16]  E. Tanaka,et al.  Correlation between maximum bite force and craniofacial morphology of young adults in Indonesia. , 2002, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[17]  J. Huggare,et al.  Maximal bite force and its associations with spinal posture and craniofacial morphology in young adults , 2002, Acta Odontologica Scandinavica.

[18]  M. Bakke,et al.  Comparative data from young men and women on masseter muscle fibres, function and facial morphology. , 1999, Archives of oral biology.

[19]  K. Tanne,et al.  Relationship between masticatory muscle activity and vertical craniofacial morphology. , 1998, The Angle orthodontist.

[20]  C. Minder,et al.  Correlation between maximum bite force and facial morphology in children. , 1997, The Angle orthodontist.

[21]  W. Hnat,et al.  A study of bite force, part 2: Relationship to various cephalometric measurements. , 1995, The Angle orthodontist.

[22]  B. Wenneberg,et al.  The relationship between maximal bite force, bite force endurance, and facial morphology during growth. A cross-sectional study. , 1993, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[23]  B. Prahl-Andersen,et al.  A Comparison of Jaw Muscle Cross-sections of Long-face and Normal Adults , 1992, Journal of dental research.

[24]  A. Lowe,et al.  Muscle activity during function and its correlation with craniofacial morphology in a sample of subjects with Class II, Division 1 malocclusions. , 1983, American journal of orthodontics.

[25]  H W Fields,et al.  Occlusal Forces in Normal- and Long-face Children , 1983, Journal of dental research.

[26]  A.,et al.  Prediction of mandibular growth rotation , 2022 .