Abstract In response to the increasingly stricter domestic and foreign environmental policies and industrial standards on energy saving and emission reduction, evaluating greenness of production and better preventing environmental risks for manufacturing enterprises while implementing green manufacturing are the focuses of study on manufacturing. This paper puts forward the risk assessment method in green manufacturing-oriented production unit of the manufacturing system. First, comprehensively considering the input in “staff”, “machine”, “material”, “method” and “environment” and the output in “production time (T)”, “product quality (Q)”, “production cost (C)”, “resource consumption (R)” and “environmental impact (E)”, it constructs the abstract expression of the production unit by using the IPO model. Second, the paper comprehensively considers the green manufacturing standards and the constraint analysis on the production manufacturing system, and builds a two-phase greenness assessment model for the production unit, which the model judges the output of the production unit based on key indicators of the selected green manufacturing standards in the first phase, and it constructs a loss function in the following phase. The loss function includes possible opportunity loss incurred by implementation of green manufacturing and cost for tackling pollution. At last, the model is applied to an actual case in the machinery industry to verify its feasibility and effectiveness.
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