GMPR: A Greedy Multi-path Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Directed diffusion is a data-centric routing protocol used in wireless sensor networks and uses only local interaction between neighbor nodes. One of the problems of this approach is the mechanism used for routing selection which mostly, leads to select the shortest path between sinks and sources. In this case the nodes in the shortest path will fail after a short period of time due to lack of energy and network partitioning can occur. To overcome this problem, greedy multi-path routing algorithm is introduced; a new localized approach which can produce multiple paths between source and destination nodes. To achieve this, a greedy heuristic method is used in which through implementing efficient load-balancing and energy-aware routing introduced by the algorithm, simulation results show that using greedy multi-path routing can lead to significant increase in number of delivered packets (up to 50%) and decrease in packet delivery delay and drop ratio.