Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA)

Recommendations 841 Preface 842 Classification 843 Epidemiology and genetics 843 Allergens and trigger factors 843 Allergens 843 Pollutants 844 Aspirin intolerance 844 Mechanisms involved in allergic rhinitis 844 Comorbidity and complications 844 Asthma 844 Other comorbidities 845 Diagnosis and assessment of severity 845 History and general ear, nose and throat (ENT) examination 845 Diagnosis of allergy 845 Diagnosis of asthma 846 Assessment of severity of rhinitis 846 Management 846 Allergen avoidance 846 Medications 846 Allergen-specific immunotherapy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases 848 Future potential treatment modalities 849 Practical guidelines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and comorbidities 849 Development of guidelines for rhinitis 849 Availability of the treatment 850 Recommendations for the management of allergic rhinitis 850 Pharmacologic management of rhinitis 850 Pharmacologic management of conjunctivitis 850 Avoidance of allergens and trigger factors 850 Allergen-specific immunotherapy 850 Treatment of rhinitis and asthma 850 Pediatric aspects 851 Special considerations 851 Education 851 Prevention of rhinitis 851 Quality of life 851 The socioeconomic impact of asthma and rhinitis 851 ARIA in developing countries 852 Further needs and research 852 References 852