Guided Bone Regeneration Around Titanium Implants With Various Hydroxyapatite Particles In Surgically Created Defect. An Experimental Study

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of various types of Hydroxyapatite, Nano- hydroxyapatite, Micro-hydroxyapatite and mixed hydroxyapatite particles as a bone substitute in the treatment of experimental induced surgical defects around dental implants. Materials and methods: Eight healthy adult male experimental dogs were subjected to surgical removal of the third mandibular premolar (P3) bilaterally then received immediate implants in the fresh sockets where surgical defects were created distal to each implants and filled randomly with Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Micro- Hydroxyapatite and Mixed Hydroxyapatite particles. The defects were randomly divided into four groups according to the received type of Hydroxyapatite particles as follows: Group I (GI): eight surgically created defects without any adding bone grafts. Groups II (GII): eight surgically created defects which treated with Hydroxyapatite of Nanosizedparticles. Group III (GIII): eight surgically created defects which treated with Hydroxyapatite of Micro-sized particles. Group IV (GIV): eight surgically created defects which treated with mixture of Nano-sized and Micro-sized Hydroxyapatite particles. Result: Histomorphomertric analysis using H&E stains revealed that, the greatest mean value of area percent was recorded in Group II (Nano hydroxyapatite bone graft) (31.39±1.6), whereas the lowest mean value was recorded in group I (No bone graft was added) (3.78±0.62). ANOVA test revealed a significant difference between all groups at 2 months (P<0.0001).Masson Trichrome stain showed that The greatest value of mean area percent of collagen fibers was recorded in Group IV (Mixture of Nano hydroxyapatite and Micro hydroxyapatite bone graft) (23.5±6.08), while the lowestvalue of mean area percent of collagen fibers was recorded in group I (in which there was no bone graft added) was (10.965±3.348). ANOVA test, revealed statistically significant difference in mean value of area percent of collagen fibers upon compar-

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