P 6 . 4 POLARIMETRIC PROTOTYPE OF THE WSR-88 D RADAR OBSERVATIONS OF BIRDS AND INSECTS

Biological echoes are treated as contamination like ground or sea clutters by radar meteorologists as they estimate rainfall intensities or assimilate radar reflectivity into numerical forecast model. Doppler velocity measured by radar in the presence of small insects well represents air motion because small insects are considered as passive tracers. But in the presence of birds especially migrating birds, Doppler velocities measured by radar are different from air velocities (Jungbluth et al. 1995; Gauthreaux et al. 1998a, b).

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