Semantics for the Semantic Web: The Implicit, the Formal and the Powerful

Enabling applications that exploit heterogeneous data in the Semantic Web will require us to harness a broad variety of semantics. Considering the role of semantics in a number of research areas in computer science, we organize semantics in three forms — implicit, formal, and powerful — and explore their roles in enabling some of the key capabilities related to the Semantic Web. The central message of this article is that building the Semantic Web purely on description logics will artificially limit its potential, and that we will need to both exploit well-known techniques that support implicit semantics, and develop more powerful semantic techniques.

[1]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  Meteor-s web service annotation framework , 2004, WWW '04.

[2]  Silvana Castano,et al.  Global Viewing of Heterogeneous Data Sources , 2001, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng..

[3]  Tru H. Cao,et al.  Annotated fuzzy logic programs , 2000, Fuzzy Sets Syst..

[4]  William A. Woods,et al.  Meaning and Links: A Semantic Odyssey , 2004, KR.

[5]  Boanerges Aleman-Meza,et al.  TRAKS: Terrorist Related Assessment using Knowledge Similarity , 2003 .

[6]  John Townley The Streaming Search Engine That Reads Your Mind , 2005 .

[7]  John Yen,et al.  Generalizing Term Subsumption Languages to Fuzzy Logic , 1991, IJCAI.

[8]  Dorte Haltrup Hansen,et al.  Ontology-Based Question Answering in a Federation of University Sites: The MOSES Case Study , 2004, NLDB.

[9]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  Semantic Enhancement Engine: A Modular Document Enhancement Platform for Semantic Applications over Heterogeneous Content , 2002 .

[10]  Wei-Ying Ma,et al.  Instance-based Schema Matching for Web Databases by Domain-specific Query Probing , 2004, VLDB.

[11]  Dennis McLeod,et al.  An Approach to Resolving Semantic Heterogenity in a Federation of Autonomous, Heterogeneous Database Systems , 1993, Int. J. Cooperative Inf. Syst..

[12]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  The ρ operator: discovering and ranking associations on the semantic web , 2002, SGMD.

[13]  Erhard Rahm,et al.  A survey of approaches to automatic schema matching , 2001, The VLDB Journal.

[14]  Michael Uschold Where Are the Semantics in the Semantic Web? , 2003, AI Mag..

[15]  D. A. Quan,et al.  How to make a semantic web browser , 2004, WWW '04.

[16]  G. Moruzzi Uncertainty and Description Logic Programs : A Proposal for Expressing Rules and Uncertainty on Top of Ontologies , 2004 .

[17]  Gopalan Nadathur,et al.  Handbook of Logic in Artificial Intelligence and Logic Programming, Volume2, Deduction Methodologies , 1994, Handbook of Logic in Artificial Intelligence and Logic Programming, Volume 2.

[18]  Tanya J. McGill,et al.  Learning IT: Where Do Lecturers Fit? , 2005, Int. J. Inf. Commun. Technol. Educ..

[19]  H. Prade,et al.  Possibilistic logic , 1994 .

[20]  V. S. Subrahmanian,et al.  Paraconsistent Logic Programming , 1987, Theor. Comput. Sci..

[21]  Doug Downey,et al.  Web-scale information extraction in knowitall: (preliminary results) , 2004, WWW '04.

[22]  Hector Garcia-Molina,et al.  The Management of Probabilistic Data , 1992, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng..

[23]  Alon Y. Halevy,et al.  P-CLASSIC: A Tractable Probablistic Description Logic , 1997, AAAI/IAAI.

[24]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  Managing Semantic Content for the Web , 2002, IEEE Internet Comput..

[25]  Steffen Staab,et al.  Ontology Learning for the Semantic Web , 2002, IEEE Intell. Syst..

[26]  Manfred Jaeger,et al.  Probabilistic Reasoning in Terminological Logics , 1994, KR.

[27]  Thomas Lukasiewicz,et al.  P-SHOQ(D): A Probabilistic Extension of SHOQ(D) for Probabilistic Ontologies in the Semantic Web , 2002, JELIA.

[28]  Ee-Peng Lim,et al.  Ontology-based web annotation framework for hyperlink structures , 2002, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering (Workshops), 2002..

[29]  Tosiyasu L. Kunii,et al.  An E-Learning System Based on the Top-Down Method and the Cellular Models , 2004, Int. J. Distance Educ. Technol..

[30]  Pushpak Bhattacharyya,et al.  Is question answering an acquired skill? , 2004, WWW '04.

[31]  V. S. Subrahmanian,et al.  Theory of Generalized Annotated Logic Programming and its Applications , 1992, J. Log. Program..

[32]  Birger Hjørland,et al.  Information retrieval, text composition, and semantics , 1998 .

[33]  Sergey Brin,et al.  The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine , 1998, Comput. Networks.

[34]  G. Kiczales,et al.  Proceedings the , 1997 .

[35]  Jochen Heinsohn,et al.  Probabilistic Description Logics , 1994, UAI.

[36]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  Semantic (Web) Technology In Action: Ontology Driven Information Systems for Search, Integration and Analysis , 2003, IEEE Data Eng. Bull..

[37]  C. Lee Giles,et al.  Two supervised learning approaches for name disambiguation in author citations , 2004, Proceedings of the 2004 Joint ACM/IEEE Conference on Digital Libraries, 2004..

[38]  Yun Peng,et al.  A probabilistic extension to ontology language OWL , 2004, 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004. Proceedings of the.

[39]  Steffen Staab,et al.  S-CREAM: Semiautomatic CREAtion of Metadata , 2002, SAAKM@ECAI.

[40]  Steffen Staab,et al.  S-CREAM: Semiautomatic CREAtion of Metadata , 2002, SAAKM@ECAI.

[41]  Ramanathan V. Guha,et al.  Semantic search , 2003, WWW '03.

[42]  Rakesh Agarwal,et al.  Fast Algorithms for Mining Association Rules , 1994, VLDB 1994.

[43]  Lotfi A. Zadeh From search engines to question-answering systems the need for new tools , 2003, The 12th IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, 2003. FUZZ '03..

[44]  L. Zadeh Toward a Perception-Based Theory of Probabilistic Reasoning , 2000, Rough Sets and Current Trends in Computing.

[45]  Rachael Knight,et al.  Encyclopedia of Distance Learning , 2005 .

[46]  Vipul Kashyap,et al.  Semantic heterogeneity in global information systems: The role of metadata , 1996 .

[47]  Amit P. Sheth,et al.  Complex relationships and knowledge discovery support in the InfoQuilt system , 2003, The VLDB Journal.

[48]  Borys Omelayenko,et al.  Learning of Ontologies from the Web: the Analysis of Existent Approaches , 2001, WebDyn@ICDT.

[49]  Ramanathan V. Guha,et al.  SemTag and seeker: bootstrapping the semantic web via automated semantic annotation , 2003, WWW '03.

[50]  George Karypis,et al.  Finding Frequent Patterns in a Large Sparse Graph* , 2005, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.

[51]  Tomasz Imielinski,et al.  Mining association rules between sets of items in large databases , 1993, SIGMOD Conference.

[52]  Vipul Kashyap,et al.  TaxaMiner: an experimentation framework for automated taxonomy bootstrapping , 2005, Int. J. Web Grid Serv..