Repair of the mammalian spinal cord

Abstract In mammals transection of the spinal cord results in permanent paraplegia, whereas in certain lower vertebrates spinal transection may be followed by structural and functional restitution. It is not altogether clear whether this variation in response to injury represents differences in the regenerative capacity of neurons and/or in the ability of the neuronal environment to sustain axon elongation. In this article, we review studies on the pathology of the injured spinal cord in relation to the inherent growth capability of CNS neurons as well as recent experimental approaches designed to provide an environment conducive to axonal elongation.

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