Differential interferometric technique for the measurement of the nonlinear index of refraction of ruby and GdAlO3:Cr+3.

A differential interferometric method for direct measurements of the real part of the nonlinear index of refraction n2 has been developed. With this method we were able to measure n2 as low as 10−10 cm2/W. This method was used to measure n2 in both ruby and GdAlO3:Cr+3 for the first time. Our results show that the real part of n2 in ruby is an order of magnitude larger than the imaginary part. This result clarifies the controversy about the dispersive or absorptive origin of the phase conjugation in ruby- and cromium-doped crystals.