Emulation of Wind Turbine System using Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drive

Depleting fossil fuels and concerns about global warming have forced a paradigm shift towards renewable energy resources in meeting our energy requirements. Wind energy utilization has been growing at a rapid rate fuelling research and development in high power wind turbines. To advance research and education in wind energy conversion systems, a controlled test bed is necessary that does not depend on wind availability. In this paper, a control structure is proposed to emulate high power, large inertia wind turbines using low power, small inertia machines. Majority of the existing methods for wind turbine emulation employ DC or induction motors with torque compensation loop. However, it suffers from noise and instability issues. DC motors have several disadvantages compared to induction machines in terms of cost, maintenance, speed and ruggedness, even though their control is simple. Hence, in this paper, Squirrel Cage Induction Machine (SCIM) in speed controlled mode is employed for emulation. The performance of the control structure is demonstrated through an experiment involving step change in wind velocity, where the dynamics of a high inertia wind turbine system are emulated. Simulations and experiments are conducted on a 7.5 kW Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) driven by a 5.5 kW SCIM, emulating a wind turbine.

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