DEAR: A Device and Energy Aware Routing protocol for heterogeneous ad hoc networks

Energy efficient routing in ad hoc networks has been the subject of intensive study in recent years. Most work has been focused on residual battery power related cost metrics for a homogeneous ad hoc network, where all the nodes are considered identical in terms of functioning and available resources. In this paper, we propose a Device and Energy Aware Routing protocol (DEAR) for a heterogeneous wireless ad hoc network where there exist two different classes of nodes, battery-powered nodes and externally powered nodes. By embedding both the energy and the device-type awareness into the routing protocol, we force the externally powered nodes to forward more traffic and perform more routing functions than a battery-powered node. The simulation results show that DEAR protocol achieves better system lifetime when compared to the conventional energy efficient routing protocols.

[1]  Leandros Tassiulas,et al.  Energy conserving routing in wireless ad-hoc networks , 2000, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2000. Conference on Computer Communications. Nineteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Cat. No.00CH37064).

[2]  David A. Maltz,et al.  Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks , 1994, Mobidata.

[3]  Dong-Ho Cho,et al.  A new routing scheme concerning energy conservation in wireless home ad-hoc networks , 2001, IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron..

[4]  Marco Conti,et al.  A Distributed Mechanism for Power Saving in IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs , 2001, Mob. Networks Appl..

[5]  Gregory J. Pottie,et al.  Protocols for self-organization of a wireless sensor network , 2000, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[6]  S. M. Heemstra de Groot,et al.  Power-aware routing in mobile ad hoc networks , 1998, MobiCom '98.

[7]  Chai-Keong Toh.  Maximum battery life routing to support ubiquitous mobile computing in wireless ad hoc networks , 2001 .

[8]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing , 2001, RFC.

[9]  Wendi Heinzelman,et al.  Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks , 2000, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

[10]  Tomasz Imielinski,et al.  Mobile Computing , 1996 .

[11]  Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer,et al.  A review of current routing protocols for ad hoc mobile wireless networks , 1999, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[12]  S.A. Khan,et al.  Analyzing & Enhancing energy Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Micro-sensor Networks , 2005, 2005 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies.

[13]  Teresa H. Meng,et al.  Minimum energy mobile wireless networks , 1998, ICC '98. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Communications. Conference Record. Affiliated with SUPERCOMM'98 (Cat. No.98CH36220).

[14]  Suresh Singh,et al.  PAMAS—power aware multi-access protocol with signalling for ad hoc networks , 1998, CCRV.

[15]  Mario Gerla,et al.  GloMoSim: A Scalable Network Simulation Environment , 2002 .

[16]  J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves,et al.  An efficient routing protocol for wireless networks , 1996, Mob. Networks Appl..

[17]  Laura Marie Feeney,et al.  An Energy Consumption Model for Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks , 2001, Mob. Networks Appl..

[18]  P. Karn,et al.  MACA-a New Channel Access Method for Packet Radio , 1990 .

[19]  Mahmoud Naghshineh,et al.  Power-aware routing in wireless packet networks , 1999, 1999 IEEE International Workshop on Mobile Multimedia Communications (MoMuC'99) (Cat. No.99EX384).

[20]  J. Broach,et al.  The dynamic source routing protocol for mobile ad-hoc networks , 1998 .

[21]  Xiang-Yang Li,et al.  Constructing minimum energy mobile wireless networks , 2001, MOCO.

[22]  David A. Maltz,et al.  A performance comparison of multi-hop wireless ad hoc network routing protocols , 1998, MobiCom '98.

[23]  Robert Tappan Morris,et al.  Span: An Energy-Efficient Coordination Algorithm for Topology Maintenance in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks , 2002, Wirel. Networks.

[24]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Highly dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers , 1994, SIGCOMM.

[25]  Michele Zorzi,et al.  Energy Efficiency of TCP in a Local Wireless Environment , 2001, Mob. Networks Appl..