Prothrombotic State Induced by Middle-Distance Endurance Exercise in Middle-Aged Athletes

Abstract Since the impact of possible prothrombotic factors on blood coagulation resulting from exercise remains elusive, this study investigated the acute effects of middle‐distance endurance running on blood coagulation parameters in middle‐aged athletes. The study population consisted of 33 male endurance runners who were engaged in a 21.1 km run under competitive conditions. Blood samples were collected before the run, immediately after the run, and 3 hours after run completion. Samples were assessed for activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen, D‐dimer, factor VIII (FVIII), von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag), endogenous thrombin potential (area under the curve of thrombin generation [TGA‐AUC]), and peak thrombin generation (TGA‐PK). Post‐run variations were expressed as delta (&Dgr;). At baseline, APTT was found to be significantly associated with ABO blood group, VWF:Ag, and FVIII; fibrinogen with age; VWF:Ag with BMI, training regimen, and ABO blood group; APTT with FVIII; FVIII with VWF:Ag and ABO blood group; APTT with VWF:Ag; and TGA‐PK with ABO blood group, PT, and TGA‐AUC. Immediately after the run, statistically significant increases were observed for PT, D‐dimer, VWF:Ag, and FVIII, while statistically significant reductions could be observed for APTT, TGA‐AUC, and TGA‐PK. Fibrinogen values remained unchanged. Significant correlations were observed between &Dgr; VWF:Ag and &Dgr; FVIII, &Dgr; APTT and &Dgr; VWF:Ag, &Dgr; APTT and &Dgr; FVIII, &Dgr; TGA‐AUC and &Dgr; TGA‐PK, and between &Dgr; D‐dimer and &Dgr; TGA‐AUC and &Dgr; TGA‐PK. No &Dgr; variation was associated with running time. The results of this study seemingly suggest that middle‐distance competitive running may evoke several prothrombotic changes in blood coagulation.

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