Deep Learning Vector Quantization

While deep neural nets (DNN’s) achieve impressive performance on image recognition tasks, previous studies have reported that DNN’s give high confidence predictions for unrecognizable images. Motivated by the observation that such fooling examples might be caused by the extrapolating nature of the log-softmax, we propose to combine neural networks with Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ). Our proposed method, called Deep LVQ (DLVQ), achieves comparable performance on MNIST while being more robust against fooling and adversarial examples.