Environmental and economic assessments of heat exchanger networks for optimum minimum approach temperature

Abstract Heat exchanger networks (HENs) design for optimum minimum approach temperature (Δ T min,opt ) is presented using economic and environmental evaluations. The environmental assessment methodology includes seven environmental indices, based on the life-cycle impact assessment (LCIA) of both pre-manufacturing and manufacturing stages for equipment, fuel, and energy. A single normalized and weighted environmental index ( I PC ) is developed and then incorporated with the economic index using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to identify Δ T min,opt . Three case studies of pinched problems are presented. It is found that Δ T min,opt using I PC as the objective is similar but not identical to Δ T min,opt using annualized cost as the objective. For some environmental categories, pre-manufacturing impacts are dominant, however, environmental impacts of the HEN are always less than without a HEN. A sensitivity analysis shows the effect of several parameters on Δ T min,opt .

[1]  Ignacio E. Grossmann,et al.  Systematic Methods of Chemical Process Design , 1997 .

[2]  B. Linnhoff,et al.  Pinch analysis : a state-of-the-art overview : Techno-economic analysis , 1993 .

[3]  Kevin C. Furman,et al.  A Critical Review and Annotated Bibliography for Heat Exchanger Network Synthesis in the 20th Century , 2002 .

[4]  Dennis Postlethwaite,et al.  Development of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) , 1994, Environmental science and pollution research international.

[5]  S. K. Mallick,et al.  A Pollution Reduction Methodology for Chemical Process Simulators , 1996 .

[6]  Bodo Linnhoff,et al.  Cost optimum heat exchanger networks—1. Minimum energy and capital using simple models for capital cost , 1990 .

[7]  Christodoulos A. Floudas,et al.  Automatic synthesis of optimum heat exchanger network configurations , 1986 .

[8]  T. Saaty,et al.  The Analytic Hierarchy Process , 1985 .

[9]  John R. Flower,et al.  Synthesis of heat exchanger networks: II. Evolutionary generation of networks with various criteria of optimality , 1978 .

[10]  Ignacio E. Grossmann,et al.  A structural optimization approach in process synthesis. II: Heat recovery networks , 1983 .

[11]  Warren D. Seider,et al.  Product and Process Design Principles: Synthesis, Analysis, and Evaluation , 1998 .

[12]  Christodoulos A. Floudas,et al.  Automatic generation of multiperiod heat exchanger network configurations , 1987 .

[13]  B. Linnhoff,et al.  The pinch design method for heat exchanger networks , 1983 .

[14]  David R. Shonnard and,et al.  Comparative Environmental Assessments of VOC Recovery and Recycle Design Alternatives for a Gaseous Waste Stream , 2000 .

[15]  Christodoulos A. Floudas,et al.  Strategies for overcoming uncertainties in heat exchanger network synthesis , 1989 .

[16]  B. Linnhoff,et al.  Use Pinch Analysis to knock down capital costs and emissions , 1994 .

[17]  Arthur W. Westerberg,et al.  Minimum utility usage in heat exchanger network synthesis : a transportation problem , 1983 .

[18]  John R. Flower,et al.  Synthesis of heat exchanger networks: I. Systematic generation of energy optimal networks , 1978 .

[19]  Robin Smith,et al.  Cost optimum heat exchanger networks—2. targets and design for detailed capital cost models , 1990 .

[20]  B Linnhoff,et al.  PINCH ANALYSIS- A STATE OF THE RRT REVIEW , 1993 .

[21]  Richard Turton,et al.  Analysis, Synthesis and Design of Chemical Processes , 2002 .

[22]  Warren D. Seider,et al.  Process design principles : synthesis, analysis, and evaluation , 1999 .

[23]  David R. Shonnard,et al.  Design Guidance for Chemical Processes Using Environmental and Economic Assessments , 2002 .