Robust real-time 3D head pose estimation from range data

In this paper a real-time 3D pose estimation algorithm using range data is described. The system relies on a novel 3D sensor that generates a dense range image of the scene. By not relying on brightness information, the proposed system guarantees robustness under a variety of illumination conditions, and scene contents. Efficient face detection using global features and exploitation of prior knowledge along with novel feature localization and tracking techniques are described. Experimental results demonstrate accurate estimation of the six degrees of freedom of the head and robustness under occlusions, facial expressions, and head shape variability.

[1]  Chin-Seng Chua,et al.  Facial feature detection and face recognition from 2D and 3D images , 2002, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[2]  Paul J. Besl,et al.  A Method for Registration of 3-D Shapes , 1992, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[3]  Takeo Kanade,et al.  Neural Network-Based Face Detection , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[4]  YangMing-Hsuan,et al.  Detecting Faces in Images , 2002 .

[5]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Motion regularization for model-based head tracking , 1996, Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Pattern Recognition.

[6]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Probabilistic visual learning for object detection , 1995, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[7]  Sang Ryong Kim,et al.  Real-time normalization and feature extraction of 3D face data using curvature characteristics , 2001, Proceedings 10th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication. ROMAN 2001 (Cat. No.01TH8591).

[8]  Thomas Ertl,et al.  Computer Graphics - Principles and Practice, 3rd Edition , 2014 .

[9]  M. Carter Computer graphics: Principles and practice , 1997 .

[10]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Recursive Estimation of Motion, Structure, and Focal Length , 1995, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[11]  Peter J. Rousseeuw,et al.  Robust regression and outlier detection , 1987 .

[12]  Nikolaos Grammalidis,et al.  Building Three Dimensional Head Models , 2001, Graph. Model..

[13]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Face Detection in Color Images , 2002, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[14]  Larry S. Davis,et al.  Computing 3-D head orientation from a monocular image sequence , 1996, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[15]  Hiromi T. Tanaka,et al.  Curvature-based face surface recognition using spherical correlation. Principal directions for curved object recognition , 1998, Proceedings Third IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[16]  Dmitry O. Gorodnichy,et al.  On importance of nose for face tracking , 2002, Proceedings of Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face Gesture Recognition.

[17]  B. Radig,et al.  Real-Time 3D and Color Camera , 2001 .

[18]  Emanuele Trucco,et al.  Introductory techniques for 3-D computer vision , 1998 .

[19]  Ruigang Yang,et al.  Model-based head pose tracking with stereovision , 2002, Proceedings of Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face Gesture Recognition.

[20]  Kazuyuki Hattori,et al.  Estimating pose of human face based on symmetry plane using range and intensity images , 1998, Proceedings. Fourteenth International Conference on Pattern Recognition (Cat. No.98EX170).

[21]  Narendra Ahuja,et al.  Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey , 2002, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[22]  Dimitris N. Metaxas,et al.  Optical Flow Constraints on Deformable Models with Applications to Face Tracking , 2000, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[23]  Takeo Kanade,et al.  Real-time 3-D pose estimation using a high-speed range sensor , 1993, Proceedings of the 1994 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.

[24]  James M. Rehg,et al.  Statistical Color Models with Application to Skin Detection , 2004, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[25]  A. Zakhor,et al.  Depth based recovery of human facial features from video sequences , 1995, Proceedings., International Conference on Image Processing.

[26]  Trevor Darrell,et al.  Active face tracking and pose estimation in an interactive room , 1996, Proceedings CVPR IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[27]  Michael G. Strintzis,et al.  Real-time head tracking and 3D pose estimation from range data , 2003, Proceedings 2003 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.03CH37429).