Summary
The population dynamics of Mus minutoides and Steatomys pratensis are virtually unknown. These two species were live-trapped over a 12-month period in a subtropical grassland in Swaziland. Numbers of M. minutoides were relatively high in winter, declined in spring and the population disappeared in summer and autumn. By contrast, numbers of S. pratensis increased gradually from winter to summer and reached a peak in autumn. There were no differences between the mean weights of male and female M. minutoides and S. pratensis. There were, however, seasonal differences in the mean weight of male S. pratensis, with highest weights recorded in summer. Individuals of both species came into breeding condition in spring (October–November). Reproduction had ceased by the end of autumn (April–May). Monthly survival rates of M. minutoides were highest in winter, but did not vary seasonally in S. pratensis. Burning had a pronounced effect on the distribution of S. pratensis. Steatomys pratensis individuals selected recently burnt but revegetated areas over unburnt areas. The effect of burning on the M. minutoides population is difficult to assess, as this species disappeared shortly after the fire.
Resume
La dynamique des populations de Mus minutoides et de Steatomys pratensis est pratiquement inconnue. Pendant douze mois, on a capture vivants des membres de ces deux especes dans une prairie subtropicale du Swaziland. Le nombre de M. minutoides etait relativement eleve en hiver, baissait au printemps, et la population disparaissait en ete et en automne. Par contre, le nombre de S. pratensis augmentait progressivement de l’hiver jusqu’en ete et atteignait un pic en automne. Il n'y avait pas de difference entre le poids moyen des mâles et celui des femelles de M. minutoides et de S. pratensis. Il y avait pourtant des differences saisonnieres du poids moyen des mâles de S. pratensis, dont les poids les plus hauts etaient releves en ete. Les individus des deux especes etaient en chaleur au printemps (octobre–novembre). La reproduction etait terminee a la fin de l’automne (avril–mai). Le taux de survie mensuel de M. minutoides etait maximal en hiver, mais celui de S. pratensis ne variait pas avec les saisons. Les feux avaient un effet prononce sur la distribution de S. pratensis. Les individus de cette espece choisissaient les zones recemment brulees ou l’herbe repoussait a celles qui n’avaient pas ete brulees. L’effet des feux sur la population de M. minutoides est difficile aevaluer puisque cette espece disparaissait peu de temps apres les feux.
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