Chemistry of hot springs on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

The first hydrothermal fluid samples collected along the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) are remarkably similar in composition and temperature to fluids collected along the shallower, faster-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR). The MAR fluids, like those from the EPR, appear to be in equilibrium with a greenschist-facies mineral assemblage. In contrast to the EPR, the more fractured nature of the MAR apparently allows fluids at one of the MAR sites to interact with weathered basalt.

[1]  N. Machado,et al.  Fine-scale isotopic heterogeneity in the sub-Atlantic mantle , 1982, Nature.

[2]  L. Merlivat,et al.  East Pacific Rise Near 13�N: Geology of New Hydrothermal Fields , 1983, Science.

[3]  Robert J Collier,et al.  Ridge crest hydrothermal activity and the balances of the major and minor elements in the ocean: The Galapagos data , 1979 .

[4]  J. Edmond,et al.  Excess3He in the deep water over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 26°N: evidence of hydrothermal activity , 1980 .

[5]  Denis Norton,et al.  Theory of Hydrothermal Systems , 1984 .

[6]  J. A. Philpotts,et al.  Partition coefficients of rare-earth elements between igneous matrix material and rock-forming mineral phenocrysts—II , 1970 .

[7]  S. Humphris,et al.  Drilling the Snake Pit hydrothermal sulfide deposit on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, lat 23/sup 0/22'N , 1986 .

[8]  D. Wood,et al.  A RE-APPRAISAL OF THE USE OF TRACE ELEMENTS TO CLASSIFY AND DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN MAGMA SERIES ERUPTED IN DIFFERENT TECTONIC SETTINGS , 1979 .

[9]  R. Ballard,et al.  Geological setting of hydrothermal activity at 12°50′N on the East Pacific Rise: A submersible study , 1984 .

[10]  M. Mottl,et al.  Hydrothermal activity at the Trans‐Atlantic Geotraverse Hydrothermal Field, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge crest at 26°N , 1984 .

[11]  A. C. Campbell,et al.  A time series of vent fluid compositions from 21°N, East Pacific Rise (1979, 1981, 1985), and the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California (1982, 1985) , 1988 .

[12]  J. Edmond,et al.  Boron isotope exchange between seawater and the oceanic crust , 1987 .

[13]  P. Rona,et al.  Manganese geochemistry near high-temperature vents in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge rift valley , 1986 .

[14]  M. Mottl,et al.  Geologic form and setting of a hydrothermal vent field at lat 10°56′N, East Pacific Rise: A detailed study using Angus and Alvin , 1986 .

[15]  J. Trefry,et al.  Real-time observation of dispersed hydrothermal plumes using nephelometry: examples from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge , 1987 .

[16]  W. Shanks,et al.  Sulfur isotope study of chimney minerals and vent fluids from 21°N, East Pacific Rise: Hydrothermal sulfur sources and disequilibrium sulfate reduction , 1988 .

[17]  A. C. Campbell,et al.  Chemical controls on the composition of vent fluids at 13°–11°N and 21°N, East Pacific Rise , 1988 .

[18]  A. C. Campbell,et al.  Along-axis variations in seafloor spreading in the MARK area , 1987, Nature.

[19]  H. Taylor,et al.  An integrated chemical and stable-isotope model of the origin of Midocean Ridge Hot Spring Systems , 1985 .

[20]  P. Rona,et al.  Black smokers, massive sulphides and vent biota at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge , 1986, Nature.

[21]  F N Spiess,et al.  East Pacific Rise: Hot Springs and Geophysical Experiments , 1980, Science.

[22]  F. Albarède,et al.  Chemistry of solutions from the 13°N East Pacific Rise hydrothermal site , 1984 .

[23]  David L. Williams,et al.  Submarine Thermal Springs on the Gal�pagos Rift , 1979, Science.

[24]  W. Seyfried,et al.  Stable isotope studies of vent fluids and chimney minerals, southern Juan de Fuca Ridge: Sodium metasomatism and seawater sulfate reduction , 1987 .

[25]  Robert J. Rosenbauer,et al.  The critical point and two-phase boundary of seawater, 200–500°C , 1984 .

[26]  F. Albarède,et al.  The REE content of some hydrothermal fluids , 1986 .

[27]  K. V. Damm,et al.  Chemistry of hydrothermal solutions from the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge , 1987 .

[28]  J. Lupton,et al.  Hydrothermal vents on an axis seamount of the Juan de Fuca ridge , 1985, Nature.

[29]  L. Merlivat,et al.  Hydrothermal vent waters at 13°N on the East Pacific Rise: isotopic composition and gas concentration , 1987 .

[30]  Ray F. Weiss,et al.  Chemistry of submarine hydrothermal solutions at 21 °N, East Pacific Rise , 1985 .

[31]  N. Sleep,et al.  Topography and tectonics of Mid‐Oceanic Ridge axes , 1979 .

[32]  K. Becker,et al.  Hydrothermal plumes, hot springs, and conductive heat flow in the Southern Trough of Guaymas Basin , 1985 .

[33]  K. Pitzer,et al.  Phase relations and adiabats in boiling seafloor geothermal systems , 1985 .