Degradation behavior and mechanism of polymer films for high-ohmic resistor protection in a heat and humid environment

Abstract The protection of polymer films is critical to the reliability of high-ohmic resistors working in a heat and humid environment, and temperature is the main factor resulting in failure of coated resistors. However, in this study hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and corrosion reaction of OH − ions are found to be another two important factors determining the fate of coated resistors. When temperature effects can be neglected, corrosion resulted from OH − ions generated in HER may be the major reason of polymer degradation, the mechanism of which is discussed based on the polymer films mainly formed by phenolic and epoxy resins.

[1]  Hongtao Yu,et al.  Electrochemical controlled synthesis and characterization of well-aligned IrO2 nanotube arrays with enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen evolution reaction , 2013 .

[2]  G. T. Jacobi.  Reliability Physics , 1968 .

[3]  A. Galal,et al.  Electrocatalytic evolution of hydrogen on a novel SrPdO3 perovskite electrode , 2010 .

[4]  Henry Lee,et al.  Handbook of Epoxy Resins , 1967 .

[5]  S. Schiller,et al.  CrSi resistive films produced by magnetron-plasmatron sputtering , 1982 .

[6]  Andre Knop,et al.  Phenolic Resins: Chemistry, Applications and Performance : Future Directions , 1986 .

[7]  A. Andziulis,et al.  High stability nano-multilayer resistive films , 2006 .

[8]  H. Vinzelberg,et al.  Electrical transport properties of high resistance CrSiO thin films , 1985 .

[9]  Chunqing Wang,et al.  Ni–CeO2 composite cathode material for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyte , 2012 .

[10]  C. Sequeira,et al.  Electrocatalytic activity of simple and modified Fe–P electrodeposits for hydrogen evolution from alkaline media , 2011 .

[11]  D. R. Marr,et al.  Enhancement of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution on tantalum by submonolayer electrodeposition of silver , 2003 .

[12]  J. March.  Advanced organic chemistry , 2016 .

[13]  M. Morita,et al.  The anodic characteristics of modified Mn oxide electrode: Ti/RuOx/MnOx , 1978 .

[14]  B. Stuart.  Infrared Spectroscopy , 2004, Analytical Techniques in Forensic Science.

[15]  Jerry March,et al.  March's Advanced Organic Chemistry , 2006 .

[16]  Jian-sheng Wu,et al.  The influence of zirconium on the crystallization behavior and electrical properties of Cr–Si–Al resistive films , 2004 .

[17]  M. Sankarapandian,et al.  Structure–property relationships of void-free phenolic–epoxy matrix materials , 2000 .

[18]  C. Iwakura,et al.  The anodic evolution of oxygen on Co3O4 film electrodes in alkaline solutions , 1981 .

[19]  李海燕,et al.  Synthesis of Modified Epoxy Resin Undercoat for Resistor by Nano-SiO2 , 2006 .

[20]  Xiuyu Wang,et al.  Synthesis of undercoat with high temperature and humidity resistance for resistor , 2005, International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology.

[21]  F. Rosalbino,et al.  Electrocatalytic behaviour of Co–Ni–R (R = Rare earth metal) crystalline alloys as electrode materials for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline medium , 2008 .

[22]  Junkui Ma,et al.  Deposition of Cr–Si–Ni–Mo films at a low sputtering current and performance of heat and humid resistance , 2014 .

[23]  Jian-sheng Wu,et al.  Corrosion behavior of sputtered Cr–Si–Ni and Cr–Si–Ni–Al resistive films in 0.1 M NaOH , 2006 .

[24]  Mohamed I. Awad,et al.  Enhanced water electrolysis : Electrocatalytic generation of oxygen gas at manganese oxide nanorods modified electrodes , 2007 .

[25]  Paolo Navaretti,et al.  Thermal resistance reduction in high power superluminescent diodes by using active multi-mode interferometer , 2012 .

[26]  L. Kibler,et al.  Dependence of electrocatalytic activity on film thickness for the hydrogen evolution reaction of Pd overlayers on Au(111) , 2008 .

[27]  Jian-sheng Wu,et al.  The role of aluminum in the crystallization of Cr–Si–Ni resistive films , 2003 .

[28]  Xiuyu Wang,et al.  PF/EP/Nano-SiO2 composite paint for resistor , 2009 .

[29]  H. Ku,et al.  Effects of catalysts and post-curing conditions in the polymer network of epoxy and phenolic resins: Preliminary results , 2008 .

[30]  J. Bockris.  The mechanism of the evolution of hydrogen on palladium and associated internal damage phenomena , 2000 .

[31]  H. Vinzelberg,et al.  Nanodisperse CrSi(O, N) thin films—conductivity, thermopower and applications , 1993 .

[32]  K. Lian,et al.  ELECTROCATALYTIC BEHAVIOUR OF NI-BASE AMORPHOUS ALLOYS , 1991 .

[33]  Paul T. Williams,et al.  Recycling of fibre-reinforced polymeric waste by pyrolysis: thermo-gravimetric and bench-scale investigations , 2003 .

[34]  Junkui Ma,et al.  Thermosetting polyimide resin matrix composites with interpenetrating polymer networks for precision foil resistor chips based on special mechanical performance requirements , 2014 .

[35]  Qiong Zhou,et al.  Relationship between ion transport and the failure behavior of epoxy resin coatings , 2014 .

[36]  Frank P. Incropera,et al.  Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer , 1981 .

[37]  Gintaras Valušis,et al.  Terahertz time domain spectroscopy of epoxy resin composite with various carbon inclusions , 2012 .

[38]  Erik P. A. M. Bakkers,et al.  Position-controlled [100] InP nanowire arrays , 2012 .

[39]  Xiuyu Wang,et al.  Effects of metal Ni with catalytic activity on magnetron sputtered Cr–Si resistive film in a heat and humid environment , 2010 .

[40]  N. Krstajić,et al.  Kinetic analysis of hydrogen evolution at Ni-Mo alloy electrodes , 2000 .

[41]  J. Zelenka,et al.  Thin resistive film with temperature coefficient of resistance close to zero , 1991 .