Grid Integration Limits for Fixed-Speed Wind Turbines with Induction Generators

Several factors limit the amount of wind power that can be connected to the power system. In this paper, local area aspects are analyzed in the way and amount they impact on the wind power integration level, i.e., the wind farm rated power relative to the short-circuit power of the grid connecting point. The analysis is presented for wind farms equipped with squirrel-cage induction generator fixed speed wind turbines, considering the effect of reactive power compensation. Four interconnection requirements, related to local area operating characteristics of the power system, are analyzed: the steady-state voltage variation; the power margin; the low-voltage ride-through capability; and transient stability. The maximum integration level is first determined as limited by each individual interconnection requirement. Then, the maximum integration level complying with all interconnection requirements is determined. Results show that a wind farm with rated power up to 5.5–6.3 % of the short-circuit power, depending on the reactive power compensation, can be connected to a given grid point while respecting more recent grid codes.

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