Deadlocking States in Context-Free Process Algebra

Recently the class of BPA (or context-free) processes has been intensively studied and bisimilarity and regularity appeared to be decidable (see (CHS95, BCS95, BCS96)). We extend these processes with a deadlocking state into BPA~ systems. Bosscher has proved that bisim- ilarity and regularity remain decidable (Bos97). We generalise his ap- proach introducing strict and nonstrict version of bisimilarity. We show that the BPA~ class is more expressive w.r.t. (both strict and nonstrict) bisimilarity but it remains language equivalent to BPA. Finally we give a characterization of those BPA~ processes which can be equivalently (up to bisimilarity) described within the 'pure' BPA syntax.