PROSPECTS FOR BUILDING A HYDROGEN ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE

▪ Abstract About two-thirds of primary energy today is used directly as transportation and heating fuels. Any discussion of energy-related issues, such as air pollution, global climate change, and energy supply security, raises the issue of future use of alternative fuels. Hydrogen offers large potential benefits in terms of reduced emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases and diversified primary energy supply. Like electricity, hydrogen is a premium-quality energy carrier, which can be used with high efficiency and zero emissions. Hydrogen can be made from a variety of feedstocks, including natural gas, coal, biomass, wastes, solar sources, wind, or nuclear sources. Hydrogen vehicles, heating, and power systems have been technically demonstrated. Key hydrogen end-use technologies such as fuel cells are making rapid progress toward commercialization. If hydrogen were made from renewable or decarbonized fossil sources, it would be possible to have a large-scale energy system with essentially no emissio...

[1]  R. P. Frohmberg,et al.  Hydrogen environment embrittlement of metals , 1973 .

[2]  J. Pangborn,et al.  Technical prospects for commercial and residential distribution and utilization of hydrogen , 1976 .

[3]  J. Hord,et al.  Is hydrogen a safe fuel , 1978 .

[4]  P. Souers,et al.  Permeation Eccentricities of He, Ne, and D-T from Soda-Lime Glass Microbubbles , 1978 .

[5]  W. Jasionowski,et al.  Suitability of gas distribution equipment in hydrogen service , 1979 .

[6]  O. Williamson.  Commentary: Williamson on Predatory Pricing II , 1979 .

[7]  W. Jasionowski,et al.  Gas distribution equipment in hydrogen service , 1980 .

[8]  J. H. Kelley,et al.  Storage, transmission and distribution of hydrogen , 1980 .

[9]  C. Carpetis,et al.  Estimation of storage costs for large hydrogen storage facilities , 1982 .

[10]  Jens R. Rostrup-Nielsen,et al.  Catalytic Steam Reforming , 1984 .

[11]  H. Buchner,et al.  Hydrogen use—transportation fuel , 1984 .

[12]  J. B. Taylor,et al.  Technical and economic assessment of methods for the storage of large quantities of hydrogen , 1986 .

[13]  Joachim Nitsch,et al.  Hydrogen as an energy carrier , 1988 .

[14]  M. Deluchi,et al.  Hydrogen vehicles: an evaluation of fuel storage, performance, safety, environmental impacts, and cost , 1989 .

[15]  Joan M. Ogden,et al.  Solar Hydrogen: Moving Beyond Fossil Fuels , 1989 .

[16]  Meyer Steinberg,et al.  Modern and prospective technologies for hydrogen production from fossil fuels , 1989 .

[17]  W. Peschka.  Liquid hydrogen : fuel of the future , 1992 .

[18]  Otto Skovholt.  Co2 transportation system , 1993 .

[19]  J. T. Ringland,et al.  Safety issues for hydrogen-powered vehicles , 1994 .

[20]  Joan M. Ogden,et al.  A Technical and Economic Assessment of Renewable Transportation Fuels and Technologies , 1994 .

[21]  Chris Hendriks,et al.  Carbon Dioxide Removal from Coal-Fired Power Plants , 1994 .

[22]  William L. Mitchell,et al.  Development of a Catalytic Partial Oxidation Ethanol Reformer for Fuel Cell Applications , 1995 .

[23]  Eric D. Larson,et al.  Methanol and hydrogen from biomass for transportation , 1995 .

[24]  G. D. Rambach,et al.  Hydrogen transport and storage in engineered glass microspheres , 1995 .

[25]  Michael Jerry Antal,et al.  Hydrogen production from high-moisture content biomass in supercritical water , 1995 .

[26]  G. D. Berry,et al.  Hydrogen as a transportation fuel: Costs and benefits , 1996 .

[27]  Joan M. Ogden,et al.  Hydrogen energy systems studies , 1996 .

[28]  Sam Holloway,et al.  An overview of the Joule II project ‘The underground disposal of carbon dioxide’ , 1996 .

[29]  H. Audus.  Decarbonization of fossil fuels: hydrogen as an energy carrier , 1997 .

[30]  Salvador M. Aceves,et al.  Thermodynamics of Insulated Pressure Vessels for Vehicular Hydrogen Storage , 1997, Advanced Energy Systems.

[31]  Jeffrey Raymond Hufton,et al.  Sorption Enhanced Reaction Process for Production of Hydrogen , 1997 .

[32]  R. D. Venter,et al.  Modelling of stationary bulk hydrogen storage systems , 1997 .

[33]  D. Bethune,et al.  Storage of hydrogen in single-walled carbon nanotubes , 1997, Nature.

[34]  J. Mark,et al.  Environmental and Infrastructure Trade-Offs of Fuel Choices for Fuel Cell Vehicles , 1997 .

[35]  R. Williams,et al.  Hydrogen production from natural gas, sequestration of recovered CO2 in depleted gas wells and enhanced natural gas recovery , 1997 .

[36]  A. Chambers,et al.  Hydrogen Storage in Graphite Nanofibers , 1998 .

[37]  Joan M. Ogden,et al.  Fuels for Fuel Cell Vehicles: Vehicle Design and Infrastructure Issues , 1998 .

[38]  H. Tamura,et al.  Experiment on slush hydrogen production with the auger method , 1998 .

[39]  Turner,et al.  A monolithic photovoltaic-photoelectrochemical device for hydrogen production via water splitting , 1998, Science.

[40]  Robert H. Williams,et al.  Beyond Combustion: Fuel Cell Cars for the 21st Century , 1998 .

[41]  B. James,et al.  Societal Impacts of Fuel Options for Fuel Cell Vehicles , 1998 .

[42]  F. Wetzel,et al.  Improved handling of liquid hydrogen at filling stations : Review of six years' experience , 1998 .

[43]  Brian D. James,et al.  Affordable hydrogen supply pathways for fuel cell vehicles , 1998 .

[44]  Meyer Steinberg,et al.  Fossil fuel decarbonization technology for mitigating global warming , 1998 .

[45]  E. Newson,et al.  Seasonal storage of hydrogen in stationary systems with liquid organic hydrides , 1998 .

[46]  S. P. Malyshenko,et al.  Metal hydrides: properties and practical applications. review of the works in cis-countries , 1998 .

[47]  F. Michel,et al.  On-board equipment for liquid hydrogen vehicles , 1998 .

[48]  Kenneth A. Smith,et al.  Hydrogen adsorption and cohesive energy of single-walled carbon nanotubes , 1999 .

[49]  Joan M. Ogden,et al.  A comparison of hydrogen, methanol and gasoline as fuels for fuel cell vehicles: implications for vehicle design and infrastructure development , 1999 .

[50]  Fred Mitlitsky,et al.  Vehicular hydrogen storage using lightweight tanks , 2000 .