Functions of Purified L3T4+ and Lyt‐2+ Cells in vitro and in vivo

The expression of L3T4 and Lyt-2 cell surface molecules separates T cells into two broad, non-overlapping subsets: typical T helper cells are L3T4+ Lyt-2- whereas most T killer cells and their precursors are L3T4- Lyt-2+. This review compares highly purified populations of unprimed L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ cells for their capacity to respond to class I vs. class II H-2 alloantigens. Various parameters are considered, including generation of mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) and cell mediated lympholysis (CML) in vitro, proliferative responses in irradiated mice, graft-versus-host reactions and skin allograft rejection. In all of these assays the two T cell subsets exhibit marked specificity in their response to H-2 alloantigens, L3T4+ cells responding only to class II and not class I differences and Lyt-2+ cells showing reciprocal specificity. Contrary to current dogma, the bulk of the evidence suggests that primary responses of Lyt-2+ cells do not depend on exogenous help provided by other T cells.

[1]  J. Sprent,et al.  Capacity of purified Lyt-2+ T cells to mount primary proliferative and cytotoxic responses to Ia− tumour cells , 1986, Nature.

[2]  J. Sprent,et al.  Properties of purified T cell subsets. II. In vivo responses to class I vs. class II H-2 differences , 1986, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[3]  J. Sprent,et al.  Properties of purified T cell subsets. I. In vitro responses to class I vs. class II H-2 alloantigens , 1985, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[4]  J. Sprent,et al.  Surface markers of T cells causing lethal graft-vs-host disease to class I vs class II H-2 differences. , 1985, Journal of immunology.

[5]  M. Bevan,et al.  Selective activation of Lyt 2+ precursor T cells by ligation of the antigen receptor , 1985, Nature.

[6]  L. Glimcher,et al.  Both L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ helper T cells initiate cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against allogenic major histocompatibility antigens but not against trinitrophenyl-modified self , 1985, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[7]  E. Unanue,et al.  Identification of a membrane-associated interleukin 1 in macrophages. , 1985, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[8]  H. Rammensee,et al.  Functional clonal deletion of class I-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by veto cells that express antigen. , 1984, Journal of immunology.

[9]  H. Rammensee,et al.  Cloned cytolytic T cells can suppress primary cytotoxic responses directed against them. , 1984, Journal of immunology.

[10]  T. Roszman,et al.  T-lymphocyte heterogeneity in the rat: separation of distinct rat T-lymphocyte populations which respond in syngeneic and allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions. , 1984, Cellular immunology.

[11]  W. Leiserson,et al.  Lyt-2- T cell-independent functions of Lyt-2+ cells stimulated with antigen or concanavalin A. , 1984, Journal of immunology.

[12]  A. Singer,et al.  T cell-accessory cell interactions that initiate allospecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses: existence of both Ia-restricted and Ia-unrestricted cellular interaction pathways. , 1984, Journal of immunology.

[13]  S. Shumway,et al.  PROSTAGLANDINS AND CELL‐MEDIATED IMMUNITY: THE ROLE OF PROSTAGLANDIN E1 IN THE INDUCTION OF HOST‐VERSUS-GRAFT AND GRAFT‐VERSUS- HOST REACTIONS IN MICE , 1984, Transplantation.

[14]  A. Granelli‐Piperno,et al.  Cytotoxic T cells both produce and respond to interleukin 2 , 1984, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[15]  M. Dallman,et al.  Functions of Rat T‐Lymphocyte Subsets Isolated by Means of Monoclonal Antibodies , 1983, Immunological reviews.

[16]  S. Swain.  T Cell Subsets and the Recognition of MHC Class , 1983, Immunological reviews.

[17]  K. A. Wall,et al.  Characterization of the Murine Antigenic Determinant, Designated L3T4a, Recognized by Monoclonal Antibody GK 1.5: Expression of L3T4a by Functional T Cell Clones Appears to Correlate Primarily with Class II MHC Antigen‐Reactivity , 1983, Immunological reviews.

[18]  E. Gleichmann,et al.  Allosuppressor- and allohelper-T cells in acute and chronic graft-vs.- host (GVH) disease. III. Different Lyt subsets of donor T cells induce different pathological syndromes , 1983, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[19]  J. Sprent,et al.  Lethal GVHD Across Minor Histocompatibility Barriers: Nature of the Effector Cells and Role of the H‐2 Complex , 1983, Immunological reviews.

[20]  M. Witmer,et al.  Dendritic cells are the principal stimulators of the primary mixed leukocyte reaction in mice , 1983, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[21]  C. Orosz,et al.  Helper cell-independent cytolytic T lymphocytes specific for a minor histocompatibility antigen. , 1983, Journal of immunology.

[22]  S. Pals,et al.  Allosuppressor and allohelper T cells in acute and chronic graft-vs.- host disease. II. F1 recipients carrying mutations at H-2K and/or I-A , 1983, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[23]  K. Rock,et al.  The role of Ia molecules in the activation of T lymphocytes. II. Ia-restricted recognition of allo K/D antigens is required for class I MHC-stimulated mixed lymphocyte responses. , 1983, Journal of immunology.

[24]  R. Germain,et al.  Role of syngeneic Ia+ accessory cells in the generation of allospecific CTL responses. , 1982, Journal of immunology.

[25]  S. Herrmann,et al.  Analysis of the two-signal requirement for precursor cytolytic T lymphocyte activation using H-2Kk in liposomes. , 1982, Journal of immunology.

[26]  K. Lafferty,et al.  Inhibition of T‐Cell Activity by Cyclosporin A , 1982, Scandinavian journal of immunology.

[27]  J. Sprent,et al.  Features of T cells causing H-2-restricted lethal graft-vs.-host disease across minor histocompatibility barriers , 1982, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[28]  J. Kersey,et al.  Bone marrow transplantation across major histocompatability barriers in mice. III. Treatment of donor grafts with monoclonal antibodies directed against Lyt determinants. , 1982, Journal of immunology.

[29]  F. Bach,et al.  Antigen-driven helper cell-independent cloned cytolytic T lymphocytes , 1981, Nature.

[30]  D. Mason.  SUBSETS OF T CELLS IN THE RAT MEDIATING LETHAL GRAFT‐VERSUS-HOST DISEASE , 1981, Transplantation.

[31]  D. Mason,et al.  The rat mixed lymphocyte reaction: roles of a dendritic cell in intestinal lymph and T-cell subsets defined by monoclonal antibodies. , 1981, Immunology.

[32]  R. Ceredig,et al.  Cells mediating graft rejection in the mouse. I. Lyt-1 cells mediate skin graft rejection , 1981, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[33]  H. Boehmer,et al.  H‐2 Restricted Cytolytic and Noncytolytic T Cell Clones: Isolation, Specificity and Functional Analysis , 1981, Immunological reviews.

[34]  M. Lipinski,et al.  Evolutionary conservation of surface molecules that distinguish T lymphocyte helper/inducer and cytotoxic/suppressor subpopulations in mouse and man , 1981, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[35]  F. Bach,et al.  Lyt phenotypes of alloreactive precursor and effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes. , 1981, Journal of immunology.

[36]  C. Janeway,et al.  Monoclonal antibody against an Ir gene product? , 1980, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[37]  R. Benner,et al.  Different target antigens for T-cell subsets acting synergistically in vivo , 1980, Nature.

[38]  K. Lafferty,et al.  Role of Lymphokine and Antigen in the Control of Specific T Cell Responses , 1980, Immunological Reviews.

[39]  W. McMaster,et al.  Two subsets of rat T lymphocytes defined with monoclonal antibodies , 1980, European journal of immunology.

[40]  L. Herzenberg,et al.  T cell subsets defined by expression of Lyt-1,2,3 and Thy-1 antigens. Two-parameter immunofluorescence and cytotoxicity analysis with monoclonal antibodies modifies current views , 1980, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[41]  C. Taswell,et al.  Quantitation and Cloning of Cytolytic T Lymphocytes and their Precursors , 1980, Immunological reviews.

[42]  C. Pettinelli,et al.  Expression of both I-A and I-E/C subregion antigens on accessory cells required for in vitro generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes against alloantigens or TNBS-modified syngeneic cells. , 1980, Journal of immunology.

[43]  Ellis L. Reinherz,et al.  The differentiation and function of human T lymphocytes , 1980, Cell.

[44]  D. Shreffler,et al.  Characterization of the stimulator cells in the murine primary mixed leukocyte response. , 1980, Journal of immunology.

[45]  M. Röllinghoff,et al.  T-T-cell interactions during the vitro cytotoxic allograft responses. I. Soluble products from activated Lyl+ T cells trigger autonomously antigen-primed Ly23+ T cells to cell proliferation and cytolytic activity , 1978, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[46]  Kendall A. Smith,et al.  Long term culture of tumour-specific cytotoxic T cells , 1977, Nature.

[47]  K. Lafferty,et al.  The Origin and Mechanism of the Allograft Reaction , 1977, Immunological reviews.

[48]  F. Bach,et al.  Antigenic Requirements for Triggering of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes , 1977, Immunological reviews.

[49]  W. Elkins.  Correlation of graft-versus-host mortality and positive CML assay in the mouse. , 1976, Transplantation proceedings.

[50]  J. Klein,et al.  Ability of H-2 regions to induce graft-vs-host disease. , 1976, Journal of immunology.

[51]  H. Cantor,et al.  Functional subclasses of T lymphocytes bearing different Ly antigens. II. Cooperation between subclasses of Ly+ cells in the generation of killer activity , 1975, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[52]  H. Cantor,et al.  Functional subclasses of T-lymphocytes bearing different Ly antigens. I. The generation of functionally distinct T-cell subclasses is a differentiative process independent of antigen , 1975, The Journal of Experimental Medicine.

[53]  H. Cantor,et al.  Functional subclasses of T lymphocytes bearing different Ly antigens. II. Cooperation between subclasses of Ly+ cells in the generation of killer activity. , 1975, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[54]  G. Shearer,et al.  Cell‐mediated cytotoxicity to trinitrophenyl‐modified syngeneic lymphocytes , 1974, European journal of immunology.

[55]  J. Sprent.  The proliferation response of T lymphocytes to alloantigens in irradiated mice: a mixed lymphocyte reaction in vivo. , 1973, Transplantation proceedings.

[56]  F. Bach,et al.  Activation of T cells by H-2 factors in the graft-vs-host reaction. , 1973, Transplantation proceedings.

[57]  J. Klein,et al.  GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST REACTION ACROSS DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE H-2 COMPLEX OF THE MOUSE , 1973, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[58]  F. Bach,et al.  Lymphocyte reactivity to serologically undetected components of the major histocompatibility complex. , 1973, Nature: New biology.

[59]  J. Sprent,et al.  Interaction of thymus lymphocytes with histoincompatible cells. II. Recirculating lymphocytes derived from antigen-activated thymus cells. , 1972, Cellular immunology.

[60]  J. Sprent,et al.  Interaction of thymus lymphocytes with histoincompatible cells. I. Quantitation of the proliferative response of thymus cells. , 1972, Cellular immunology.

[61]  W. Elkins.  Cellular Immunology and the Pathogenesis of Graft Versus Host Reactions (Part 1 of 3) , 1971 .

[62]  M. Bennett.  GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST REACTIONS IN MICE: I. KINETIC AND IMMUNOGENETIC STUDIES OF ALLOANTIGENSENSITIVE UNITS OF LYMPHOID TISSUE , 1971, Transplantation.

[63]  W. Burr,et al.  A LYMPH NODE WEIGHT ASSAY FOR THE GRAFTVERSUS- HOST ACTIVITY OF RAT LYMPHOID CELLS , 1970, Transplantation.

[64]  H. Cantor,et al.  SYNERGY AMONG LYMPHOID CELLS MEDIATING THE GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST RESPONSE , 1970, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[65]  J. Sprent,et al.  Capacity of small B cell‐enriched populations to stimulate mixed lymphocyte reactions: marked differences between irradiated vs. mitomycin C‐treated stimulators , 1985, European journal of immunology.

[66]  L. Romani,et al.  Search for class II major histocompatibility complex molecular involvement in the response of Lyt‐2+cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors to alloantigen , 1985, European journal of immunology.

[67]  K. R. McIntyre,et al.  Nucleotide sequence of mutant I-A beta bm12 gene is evidence for genetic exchange between mouse immune response genes. , 1984, Nature.

[68]  H. von Boehmer,et al.  Surface markers of cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones , 1984, European journal of immunology.

[69]  D. R. Lee,et al.  The immunogenetics of the mouse major histocompatibility gene complex. , 1984, Annual review of genetics.

[70]  H. von Boehmer,et al.  Autonomously proliferating K/D‐restricted cytolytic T cell clones , 1983, European journal of immunology.

[71]  R. Germain,et al.  Responses to the H–2Kba mutant involve recognition of syngeneic Ia molecules , 1983, Nature.

[72]  D. Mason.  Subpopulations of T cells in the rat that mediate graft-versus-host reactions and lethal graft-versus-host disease. , 1982, Advances in experimental medicine and biology.

[73]  J. Klein,et al.  Terminal differentiation of T cells specific for mutant H‐2K antigens. Conversion of Lyt‐1,2 cells into Lyt‐2 but not Lyt‐1 cells, in vitro , 1981, European journal of immunology.

[74]  U. Hämmerling,et al.  Preparative nonlytic separation of Lyt2+ and Lyt2− T lymphocytes, functional analyses of the separated cells and demonstration of synergy in graft‐vs.‐host reaction of Lyt2+ and Lyt2− cells , 1981, European journal of immunology.

[75]  R M Zinkernagel,et al.  MHC-restricted cytotoxic T cells: studies on the biological role of polymorphic major transplantation antigens determining T-cell restriction-specificity, function, and responsiveness. , 1979, Advances in immunology.

[76]  T. Potter,et al.  Murine lymphocyte surface antigens. , 1979, Advances in immunology.

[77]  J. Klein,et al.  H-2 mutations: their genetics and effect on immune functions. , 1978, Advances in immunology.

[78]  M. Bevan,et al.  Acquisition of the T cell repertoire , 1978 .

[79]  M. Röllinghoff,et al.  T-T cell interactions during in vitro cytotoxic allograft responses , 1976 .

[80]  D. Shreffler,et al.  The H-2 major histocompatibility complex and the I immune response region: genetic variation, function, and organization. , 1975, Advances in immunology.

[81]  W. Elkins.  Cellular immunology and the pathogenesis of graft versus host reactions. , 1971, Progress in allergy.

[82]  M. Simonsen.  Graft versus host reactions. Their natural history, and applicability as tools of research. , 1962, Progress in allergy.