Random Backoff Sleep Protocol for Energy Efficient Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks

A Wireless Sensor Network is a collection of many small sensor nodes. Every sensor node has a sensing range and a communication range. Coverage of a sensor node means the sensing region within which an event can be observed or detected. Most protocol designs for energy efficient coverage optimization maintain an adequate working node density. However, they ignore the residual energy level of the nodes. In this paper, we propose Random Backoff Sleep Protocol(RBSP) which ensures that the probability of neighbor nodes becoming active is inversely related to the residual energy level of the current active node. This will help in increasing the network lifetime by balancing energy consumption among the nodes. RBSP uses dynamic sleeping window, for the neighbor nodes, based on the amount of residual energy at an active node. Simulation results show that our scheme achieves more power saving and longer lifetime compared to Probing Environment and Adaptive Sleeping protocol(PEAS).