Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (Tnf-α) and Creatinine Levels in Patients at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome with Standard Therapy Combined with Black Cumin Seed Oil

Oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome (MS) results in vascular endothelial damage, generates inflammatory reactions, and increases the risk of impaired kidney function. Black cumin seed oil (BCSO) is thought to be able to improve the immune response and protect damage to the kidneys. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of BCSO on TNF-α and creatinine levels in patients at risk of metabolic syndrome with standard therapy at the Jetis I Public health center (PHC). This study uses stored biological material (BM) of patients at risk of outpatient metabolic syndrome in Jetis I PHC, Bantul, for the period July 2017 to July 2018. Researchers used 61 blood specimens of patients at risk of MS, 30 of patients at risk of MS with a combination of standard therapy +BCSO, and 31 patients at risk of MS with standard + placebo combination therapy. The administration of BCSO has been done for 20 days. On the 21st day, a blood sample was taken. Blood creatinine levels were measured by the Jaffe method. TNF-α levels were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine UGM. Differences in TNF-α levels and creatinine levels between groups were analyzed using independent samples ttest (95% confidence level). TNF-α levels did not differ between the two groups (p> 0.05). The TNF-α levels of the BCSO group were 101.43 ± 22.89 nmol/ml, and the placebo group 106.73 ± 30.03 nmol/ml. There was no statistically significant difference in creatinine levels between the two groups (p <0.05), but it was clinically significant. The creatinine content of the BCSO group was 1.16 ± 0.19 mg/ml, and the placebo group was 1.35 ± 0.32 mg/ml with a p value> 0.05, but it was clinically significant. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the administration of BCSO additional therapy has no effect on TNF-α levels but has an impact on creatinine levels in patients at risk of metabolic syndrome in Jetis I primary care center, Bantul