Empirical Classification of Web Site Structure: A Cross-National Comparison

This study develops a typology of web site structure and then makes a cross-national comparison between Korea and Australia. Using a content analysis method, the study classifies 383 corporate web sites based on the typology. The study identifies two general types of web site structure: the hypermedia type and static image type and uses cluster analysis and discriminant analysis to verify the results. The study then tests predictions as to which type of web site will be more prominent in Australia versus Korea based on cultural factors. Results show that Korean firms employ the hypermedia type more frequently, whereas Australian companies are more prone to use the static image type. Cultural factors and industry-based factors are used to explain the results.

[1]  Roblyn Simeon,et al.  Evaluating domestic and international Web-site strategies , 1999, Internet Res..

[2]  Philip A. Thompsen Toward a public lane on the information superhighway : a media performance analysis of the Community-Wide Education and Information Service initiative , 1997 .

[3]  Johanna D. Moore,et al.  Saying it in graphics: from intentions to visualizations , 1998, Proceedings IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (Cat. No.98TB100258).

[4]  F. Kerlinger,et al.  Foundations of behavioral research : educational and psychological inquiry , 1966 .

[5]  G. Hofstede,et al.  Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind , 1991 .

[6]  Stuart L. Esrock,et al.  Organization of corporate web pages: Publics and functions , 2000 .

[7]  O. Holsti Content Analysis for the Social Sciences and Humanities , 1969 .

[8]  Shirley Ann Becker,et al.  A Global Perspective on Web Site Usability , 2001, IEEE Softw..

[9]  Samer Faraj,et al.  The Role of Intermediaries in the Development of Trust on the WWW: The Use and Prominence of Trusted Third Parties and Privacy Statements , 2006, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[10]  David A. Griffith,et al.  An emerging model of Web site design for marketing , 1998, CACM.

[11]  Terry Anderson,et al.  Using Peer Teams to Lead Online Discussions , 2002 .

[12]  David W. Stewart,et al.  Executional Factors and Advertising Effectiveness: A Replication , 1989 .

[13]  D. Garrison,et al.  Methodological Issues in the Content Analysis of Computer Conference Transcripts , 2007 .

[14]  R. Weber Basic Content Analysis , 1986 .

[15]  P. Honold Learning How to Use a Cellular Phone : Comparison Between German and Chinese Users , 2022 .

[16]  S. Kiesler,et al.  Computer Communication and Organizational Commitment: Tracing the Relationship in a City Government , 1989 .

[17]  Monica Perry,et al.  Content analysis of Fortune 100 company Web sites , 2000 .

[18]  Jennifer Edson Escalas,et al.  Satisfaction, frustration, and delight: a framework for understanding how consumers interact with Web sites , 2001 .

[19]  Annette N. Markham,et al.  Life Online: Researching Real Experience in Virtual Space , 1998 .

[20]  Edward F. McQuarrie,et al.  Visual Rhetoric in Advertising: Text-Interpretive, Experimental, and Reader-Response Analyses , 1999 .

[21]  Ben Shneiderman,et al.  Designing information-abundant web sites: issues and recommendations , 1997, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[22]  P. Couchman,et al.  A web-mediated communication (WMC) model based on activity theory , 2003 .

[23]  Alan R. Dennis,et al.  Testing Media Richness Theory in the New Media: The Effects of Cues, Feedback, and Task Equivocality , 1998, Inf. Syst. Res..

[24]  Franca Garzotto,et al.  Towards a software engineering approach to Web site development , 1998, Proceedings Ninth International Workshop on Software Specification and Design.

[25]  Tim Berners-Lee,et al.  Information Management: A Proposal , 1990 .

[26]  Thomas D. Wilson,et al.  Business use of the World-Wide Web , 1996, Inf. Res..

[27]  David D. Bouvin Web site design : a comparison of perceptions for a simulated university's Web-based intranet , 2001 .

[28]  M. Gilly,et al.  Trends in Advertising Research: A Look at the Content of Marketing-Oriented Journals from 1976 to 1985 , 1988 .

[29]  Boon-Lock Yeo,et al.  Technical trials and legal tribulations , 1998, CACM.

[30]  Sandra E. Moriarty,et al.  Visual Communication as a Primary System. , 1994 .

[31]  Sharon L. Oviatt,et al.  Taming recognition errors with a multimodal interface , 2000, CACM.

[32]  Linda M. Scott,et al.  The Bridge from Text to Mind: Adapting Reader-Response Theory to Consumer Research , 1994 .

[33]  George A. Barnett,et al.  Interorganizational Hyperlink Networks among Websites in South Korea , 2002 .

[34]  Richard J. Fox,et al.  Investigating the impact of executional style on television commercial effectiveness , 1994 .

[35]  Helen E. Katz,et al.  Oceans Apart: an Initial Exploration of Social Communication Differences in US and UK Prime-time Television Advertising , 1992 .

[36]  Jeryl Whitelock,et al.  A cross‐cultural analysis of television advertising in the UK and the Czech Republic , 2001 .

[37]  Bob D. Cutler,et al.  Print advertising at the component level: A cross-cultural comparison of the United States and Japan , 1995 .

[38]  P. Couchman,et al.  Exploring social interaction in web-mediated communication , 2003 .

[39]  E. Hall The dance of life : the other dimension of time , 1984 .

[40]  James J. Cappel,et al.  Using the World Wide Web to Gain a Competitive Advantage , 1997 .

[41]  Carolyn M. Evans,et al.  Australia: At-a-glance , 2007 .

[42]  W. D. Perreault,et al.  Reliability of Nominal Data Based on Qualitative Judgments , 1989 .

[43]  Hairong Li,et al.  Cognitive Impact of Banner Ad Characteristics: An Experimental Study , 1999 .

[44]  Nikunj P. Dalal,et al.  Cognitive design of home pages: an experimental study of comprehension on the World Wide Web , 2000, Inf. Process. Manag..

[45]  R. Kolbe,et al.  Content-Analysis Research: An Examination of Applications with Directives for Improving Research Reliability and Objectivity , 1991 .

[46]  Rod B. McNaughton,et al.  A typology of Web site objectives in high technology business markets , 2001 .

[47]  B. J. Fogg,et al.  Persuasive technologie301398 , 1999, CACM.

[48]  R. Gorden Basic Interviewing Skills , 1992 .

[49]  Wallace Koehler,et al.  An Analysis of Web Page and Web Site Constancy and Permanence , 1999, J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci..

[50]  Michele H. Jackson Assessing the Structure of Communication on the World Wide Web , 2006, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[51]  Roy Rada,et al.  INTRODUCTION TO EXPERTMEDIA , 1995 .

[52]  Gavriel Salvendy,et al.  Design of Icons for Use by Chinese in Mainland China , 1998, Interact. Comput..

[53]  T. F. Carney,et al.  Content Analysis: A Technique for Systematic Inference from Communications , 1972 .

[54]  E. Hall,et al.  Understanding Cultural Differences , 1989 .

[55]  Bernard J. Jaworski,et al.  Internet Marketing: Building Advantage in a Networked Economy , 2001 .

[56]  Forbes Gibb,et al.  The role of visual rhetoric in the design and production of electronic books: the visual book , 2000, Electron. Libr..

[57]  Joseph R. Dominick,et al.  Mass Media Research: An Introduction , 1983 .

[58]  Richard L. Street,et al.  Health promotion and interactive technology : theoretical applications and future directions , 1997 .

[59]  Kate McCready Designing and redesigning: Marquette Libraries' Web site , 1997 .

[60]  David Krech,et al.  Elements of psychology , 1974 .

[61]  Loren G. Terveen,et al.  Evaluating emergent collaboration on the Web , 1998, CSCW '98.

[62]  Philip R. Cohen,et al.  MULTIMODAL INTERFACES THAT PROCESS WHAT COMES NATURALLY , 2000 .

[63]  Lopo L. Rego,et al.  What makes commercial Web pages popular , 1998 .

[64]  Linda M. Scott,et al.  Images in Advertising: The Need for a Theory of Visual Rhetoric , 1994 .

[65]  Naresh K. Malhotra,et al.  Marketing Research: An Applied Orientation , 1993 .

[66]  Eelko K. R. E. Huizingh,et al.  The content and design of web sites: an empirical study , 2000, Inf. Manag..

[67]  L. Ross,et al.  Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgment. , 1981 .

[68]  J. Morse Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed): Mathew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1994. Price: $65.00 hardback, $32.00 paperback. 238 pp , 1996 .