Studies regarding the mechanisms involved in tissue regeneration, due to application of biomaterials obtained via biotechnology

ABSTRACT The processes of regeneration and repair tissues that occur under action of any substance are based on the effects determinated by this substance on some soluble mediators (cytokines, growth factors, pro-/anti-inflammatory agents) and on the macrophages involved in process. In this respect in this paper we will present an in vitro study of three kinds of biomaterials (P1, P2 and P3) obtained by submerged biosynthesis. These materials were synthesised using three strains of Monascus sp. The biocompatibility studies, performed with the three biomaterials on the adherent cells lines, type L929 murine fibroblast or RAW 264.7 murine macrophage, showed that only the biomaterial P1 is biocompatible. In the presence of biomaterial P2 or P3, the cell viability is under 70% and it is not depending on their concentration, meaning that these biomaterials are not biocompatible. In order to evaluate P1 biomaterial capacity to activate secretion of mediators involved in the process of tissue repair, for this biomaterial was determined the ability of inducing the secretion of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) for the human monocyte THP-1 cells line. The results obtained in vitro have been confirmed that in the presence of biomaterial P1, the macrophages THP-1 adopt a profile associated with accelerating the process of tissue repair characterized by the absence of the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) respectively by the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1RA).