Personality and Biographical Differences between Male and Female Managers in the United States and India

Cette recherche fut faite sur deux echantillons composes de cadres des deux sexes poursuivant des etudes a l'Institut Indien de Management ou dans une “business school” americaine. On a recueilli des informations sur la personnalite et la biographic des sujets. Elles ont ete soumises a une analyse de variance pour eprouver l'hypothese selon laquelle les cadres feminins americains sont plus proches de leurs collegues masculins (quant a leur personnalite, leur salaire et leur statut professional) que ne le sont les cadres indiens masculins et feminins. Pour ce qui est de la personnalite, les femmes des deux pays sont plus exigeantes que les hommes et davantage victimes de conflits. Les Americaines sont aussi plus naives. Les elements biographiques montrent que les cadres des deux sexes ne different pas significativement quant au niveau hierarchique, au nombre de subordonnes ou a l'importance du budget mis a leur disposition. Les femmes sont plus instruites, mais gagnent significativement moins. Le cadre americain gagne 41,8 % de plus que la femme, mais en Inde l'homme ne gagne que 8,7 % de plus que sa collegue. This study was conducted on a sample of male and female managers studying at the Indian Institute of Management and a sample of male and female managers studying at an American business school. Personality data and biographical characteristics were collected. They were analysed by an ANOVA to test the hypothesis that American female managers are nearer in personality, salary, and job status to American managers than the Indian male and female managers. From the personality data we found that the females in both countries are more hard-driving and conflicted than the males. The American female manager is also more naive. The biographical data indicate that the male and female managers do not differ significantly on job level, number of subordinates, or size of budget controlled. The females are better educated and earn significantly less. Furthermore, the American male manager earns 41.8% more than the female and in India the male earns 8.7% more than the female.