Combined effects of the plant growth-promoting bacterium Pseudomonas putida UW4 and salinity stress on the Brassica napus proteome

Abstract The influences of two strains of Pseudomonas putida UW4, a plant growth-promoting bacterium (PGPB) on the shoot and root proteomic profiles of Brassica napus (canola) were examined under salinity stress using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. The two strains (wild-type UW4 and an AcdS minus mutant strain) differ in the availability of a functional 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, a bacterial protein known to play a role in host plant's stress responses. In total, ninety protein spots (representing 76 different proteins) with significantly altered expression levels in the presence of salt and/or bacteria were identified by mass spectrometry. Many of the identified proteins are involved in photosynthesis, anti-oxidative processes, transportation across membranes, and pathogenesis-related responses. The effects of salt and bacteria on the canola proteome were shown to be quite diverse, with salinity stress causing more dramatic plant protein expression changes than bacteria. In addition, bacteria were demonstrated to moderate some of the salt effects on plant protein differential expression. This work contributes to the understanding of how plant protein expression is affected by various environmental signals.

[1]  B. Glick,et al.  Methods for isolating and characterizing ACC deaminase-containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. , 2003, Physiologia plantarum.

[2]  Raquel Martín,et al.  Arabidopsis SHMT1, a serine hydroxymethyltransferase that functions in the photorespiratory pathway influences resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. , 2004, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[3]  I. Ferguson,et al.  Estimation of hydrogen peroxide in plant extracts using titanium(IV). , 1984, Analytical biochemistry.

[4]  D. Porath,et al.  Chlorophyll determination in intact tissues using n,n-dimethylformamide. , 1980, Plant physiology.

[5]  B. Glick,et al.  Three year field test of a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria enhanced phytoremediation system at a land farm for treatment of hydrocarbon waste. , 2009, Environmental science & technology.

[6]  Saleh Shah,et al.  Growth of transgenic canola (Brassica napus cv. Westar) expressing a bacterial 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase gene on high concentrations of salt , 2006 .

[7]  E. Blumwald,et al.  Engineering salt-tolerant Brassica plants: Characterization of yield and seed oil quality in transgenic plants with increased vacuolar sodium accumulation , 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[8]  D. Dixon,et al.  Plant growth-promoting bacteria that decrease heavy metal toxicity in plants , 2000 .

[9]  B. Glick,et al.  Transgenic plants with altered ethylene biosynthesis or perception. , 2003, Biotechnology advances.

[10]  M. Tester,et al.  Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. , 2008, Annual review of plant biology.

[11]  Ming Li,et al.  PEAKS: powerful software for peptide de novo sequencing by tandem mass spectrometry. , 2003, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.

[12]  Sung-ju Ahn,et al.  Functional characterization of a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 2 in Arabidopsis thaliana under abiotic stress conditions. , 2007, The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.

[13]  Bernard R. Glick,et al.  The enhancement of plant growth by free-living bacteria , 1995 .

[14]  D. Dixon,et al.  Tolerance of transgenic canola plants (Brassica napus) amended with plant growth-promoting bacteria to flooding stress at a metal-contaminated field site. , 2007, Environmental pollution.

[15]  Zhangcheng Tang,et al.  Proteomic analysis of salt stress‐responsive proteins in rice root , 2005, Proteomics.

[16]  B. Moffatt,et al.  Determination of 1-aminocycopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to assess the effects of ACC deaminase-containing bacteria on roots of canola seedlings. , 2001, Canadian journal of microbiology.

[17]  J. Blein,et al.  Preferential induction of 20S proteasome subunits during elicitation of plant defense reactions: towards the characterization of "plant defense proteasomes". , 2003, The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology.

[18]  B. Glick,et al.  Plant growth-promoting bacteria confer resistance in tomato plants to salt stress. , 2004, Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB.

[19]  H. Kaminaka,et al.  Overexpression of monodehydroascorbate reductase in transgenic tobacco confers enhanced tolerance to ozone, salt and polyethylene glycol stresses , 2007, Planta.

[20]  Trevor C. Charles,et al.  ACC deaminase from plant growth-promoting bacteria affects crown gall development. , 2007, Canadian journal of microbiology.

[21]  Muhammad Arshad,et al.  Preliminary investigations on inducing salt tolerance in maize through inoculation with rhizobacteria containing ACC deaminase activity. , 2007, Canadian journal of microbiology.

[22]  E. Blumwald,et al.  Transgenic salt-tolerant tomato plants accumulate salt in foliage but not in fruit , 2001, Nature Biotechnology.

[23]  Bernard R. Glick,et al.  Amelioration of flooding stress by ACC deaminase-containingplant growth-promoting bacteria , 2001 .

[24]  M. Etzler,et al.  Plant Lectins: Molecular and Biological Aspects , 1985 .

[25]  U. Mathesius.  Comparative proteomic studies of root-microbe interactions. , 2009, Journal of proteomics.

[26]  B. Glick.  Modulation of plant ethylene levels by the bacterial enzyme ACC deaminase. , 2005, FEMS microbiology letters.

[27]  B. McConkey,et al.  Identification of bacterial proteins mediating the interactions between Pseudomonas putida UW4 and Brassica napus (Canola). , 2009, Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI.

[28]  Sibdas Ghosh,et al.  Early development of canola seedlings in the presence of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2 , 1997 .

[29]  B. Glick,et al.  A multi-process phytoremediation system for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from contaminated soils. , 2004, Environmental pollution.

[30]  Saleh Shah,et al.  Effect of a Nickel-Tolerant ACC Deaminase-Producing Pseudomonas Strain on Growth of Nontransformed and Transgenic Canola Plants , 2008, Current Microbiology.

[31]  Lennart Martens,et al.  PRIDE Converter: making proteomics data-sharing easy , 2009, Nature Biotechnology.

[32]  Trevor C. Charles,et al.  An ACC Deaminase Minus Mutant of Enterobacter cloacae UW4No Longer Promotes Root Elongation , 2000, Current Microbiology.

[33]  Lennart Martens,et al.  PRIDE: The proteomics identifications database , 2005, Proteomics.

[34]  Baoshan Wang,et al.  Oxidative Stress and Salt Tolerance in Plants , 2008 .

[35]  K. Dietz,et al.  Characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from polluted soils and containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. , 2001, Canadian journal of microbiology.

[36]  M. Matsuoka,et al.  Analysis of stress-induced or salicylic acid-induced expression of the pathogenesis-related 1a protein gene in transgenic tobacco. , 1990, The Plant cell.

[37]  A. Richardson,et al.  Evidence for Horizontal Transfer of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase Genes , 2005, Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

[38]  Michel Schneider,et al.  Field tolerance to fungal pathogens of Brassica napus constitutively expressing a chimeric chitinase gene , 1996, Nature Biotechnology.

[39]  W. Frommer,et al.  Taking Transgenic Plants with a Pinch of Salt , 1999, Science.

[40]  B. Glick,et al.  The presence of a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase deletion mutation alters the physiology of the endophytic plant growth-promoting bacterium Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN. , 2009, FEMS microbiology letters.

[41]  B. Glick,et al.  1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase from Pseudomonas putida UW4 facilitates the growth of canola in the presence of salt. , 2007, Canadian journal of microbiology.

[42]  Harry J. Klee,et al.  Ethylene Regulates the Susceptible Response to Pathogen Infection in Tomato , 1998, Plant Cell.

[43]  N. Sharma,et al.  Application of Proteomics to Investigate Plant-Microbe Interactions , 2007 .

[44]  Duraisamy Saravanakumar,et al.  ACC deaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens mediated saline resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogea) plants , 2007, Journal of applied microbiology.

[45]  Bernard R. Glick,et al.  Effect of transferring 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase genes into Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CHA0 and its gacA derivative CHA96 on their growth-promoting and disease-suppressive capacities. , 2000 .

[46]  Jun Song,et al.  Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of protein extraction protocols for apple and strawberry fruit suitable for two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analysis. , 2007, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[47]  L. Valledor,et al.  Plant proteomics update (2007-2008): Second-generation proteomic techniques, an appropriate experimental design, and data analysis to fulfill MIAPE standards, increase plant proteome coverage and expand biological knowledge. , 2009, Journal of proteomics.

[48]  Bernard R. Glick,et al.  Phytoremediation of arsenate contaminated soil by transgenic canola and the plant growth-promoting bacterium Enterobacter cloacae CAL2 , 2002 .

[49]  B. Glick,et al.  A model for the lowering of plant ethylene concentrations by plant growth-promoting bacteria , 1998, Journal of theoretical biology.

[50]  B. Glick,et al.  Growth of canola (Brassica napus) in the presence of plant growth-promoting bacteria and either copper or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. , 2005, Canadian journal of microbiology.

[51]  Bernard R. Glick,et al.  PLANT GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIA THAT CONFER RESISTANCE TO WATER STRESS IN TOMATOES AND PEPPERS , 2004 .