Starfish routing for sensor networks with mobile sink

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) with mobile sinks were proven to provide extended network lifetime and better data delivery services. This was achieved by minimizing routing costs and avoiding development of any hot-spot zones in the network. However, existing routing strategies in the literature have limitations to offer end-to-end data delivery delay and throughput required by the real-time sensing and monitoring applications. In this paper, following the principle of water vascular system of a Starfish, we have designed a routing backbone consisting of a central ring-canal and a number of radial-canals across the network. The radius of the ring-canal and the number of radial-canals are dynamically determined based on the transmission range of sensor nodes and size of the network. The proposed Starfish routing backbone guarantees that each source sensor node gets single-hop access to a backbone node, which in turn facilitates to reduce data delivery delay and increases fairness of energy consumption load distribution on network nodes. The results of the simulation experiments, carried out in NS-2, prove the efficiency of the proposed Starfish routing backbone in terms of end-to-end data delivery delay, throughput and energy consumption compared to state-of-the-art works.

[1]  Daeyeon Park,et al.  Railroad: virtual infrastructure for data dissemination in wireless sensor networks , 2005, PE-WASUN '05.

[2]  Fernaz Narin Nur,et al.  Collaborative neighbor discovery in directional wireless sensor networks: algorithm and analysis , 2016, 2016 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON).

[3]  Guangjie Han,et al.  A honeycomb structure based data gathering scheme with a mobile sink for wireless sensor networks , 2017, Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl..

[4]  Elyes Ben Hamida,et al.  A Line-Based Data Dissemination Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Mobile Sink , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[5]  Noman Islam,et al.  A review of wireless sensors and networks' applications in agriculture , 2014, Comput. Stand. Interfaces.

[6]  Cem Ersoy,et al.  Ring Routing: An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with a Mobile Sink , 2015, IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput..

[7]  Shu Lin,et al.  Automatic-repeat-request error-control schemes , 1984, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[8]  Md. Ahsan Habib,et al.  A performance analysis of backbone structures for static sink based Starfish routing in WSN , 2017, 2017 4th International Conference on Networking, Systems and Security (NSysS).

[9]  Avid Avokh,et al.  On the performance of sink placement in WSNs considering energy-balanced compressive sensing-based data aggregation , 2018, J. Netw. Comput. Appl..

[10]  Suraj Sharma,et al.  VGBST: A Virtual Grid-Based Backbone Structure Type Scheme for Mobile Sink Based Wireless Sensor Networks , 2015, ICARCSET '15.

[11]  Halil Yetgin,et al.  A Survey of Network Lifetime Maximization Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2017, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[12]  Sang-Ha Kim,et al.  Communication model and protocol based on multiple static sinks for supporting mobile users in wireless sensor networks , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.

[13]  Amit Kumar Das,et al.  Test implementation of a sensor device for measuring soil macronutrients , 2015, 2015 International Conference on Networking Systems and Security (NSysS).

[14]  Paul J. M. Havinga,et al.  A virtual infrastructure based on honeycomb tessellation for data dissemination in multi-sink mobile wireless sensor networks , 2012, EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw..

[15]  Choong Seon Hong,et al.  Reliable Event Detection and Congestion Avoidance in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2007, HPCC.

[16]  Abhimanyu Das,et al.  Data acquisition in multiple-sink sensor networks , 2005, MOCO.

[17]  Cheng Li,et al.  A ring-based bidirectional routing protocol for wireless sensor network with mobile sinks , 2016, 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[18]  Wilfried N. Gansterer,et al.  Static vs. mobile sink: The influence of basic parameters on energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks , 2013, Comput. Commun..

[19]  Albert Y. Zomaya,et al.  Rendezvous based routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with mobile sink , 2017, The Journal of Supercomputing.

[20]  Fernaz Narin Nur,et al.  A Low Duty Cycle MAC Protocol for Directional Wireless Sensor Networks , 2017, Wirel. Pers. Commun..

[21]  Anfeng Liu,et al.  A Smart High-Speed Backbone Path Construction Approach for Energy and Delay Optimization in WSNs , 2018, IEEE Access.

[22]  Sunilkumar S. Manvi,et al.  Fish bone structure based data aggregation and routing in wireless sensor network: multi-agent based approach , 2013, Telecommunication Systems.

[23]  Md. Mustafizur Rahman,et al.  Tradeoff between execution speedup and reliability for compute-intensive code offloading in mobile device cloud , 2016, Multimedia Systems.

[24]  Md. Mustafizur Rahman,et al.  Tradeoff between execution speedup and reliability for compute-intensive code offloading in mobile device cloud , 2019, 2016 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON).

[25]  Brian D. O. Anderson,et al.  Wireless sensor network localization techniques , 2007, Comput. Networks.

[26]  Jean C. Walrand,et al.  High-performance communication networks , 1999 .

[27]  Mubashir Husain Rehmani,et al.  Applications of wireless sensor networks for urban areas: A survey , 2016, J. Netw. Comput. Appl..

[28]  J. Lawrence,et al.  Starfish: Biology and Ecology of the Asteroidea , 2013 .

[29]  Sang-Ha Kim,et al.  Exploiting mobility for efficient data dissemination in wireless sensor networks , 2009, J. Commun. Networks.

[30]  Amir Sarabi,et al.  Reducing delay and energy consumption in wireless sensor networks by making virtual grid infrastructure and using mobile sink , 2018 .

[31]  Jian Zhang,et al.  Energy-efficient data-gathering rendezvous algorithms with mobile sinks for wireless sensor networks , 2017, Int. J. Sens. Networks.

[32]  Tongquan Wei,et al.  A New Path-Constrained Rendezvous Planning Approach for Large-Scale Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks , 2018, Sensors.

[33]  Jian Shen,et al.  GLRM: An improved grid-based load-balanced routing method for WSN with single controlled mobile sink , 2016, 2016 18th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT).

[34]  In-Seon Jeong,et al.  Low latency and energy efficient routing tree for wireless sensor networks with multiple mobile sinks , 2013, J. Netw. Comput. Appl..

[35]  Fernaz Narin Nur,et al.  Starfish Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks with a mobile sink , 2016, 2016 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON).

[36]  Özgür B. Akan,et al.  Event-to-sink reliable transport in wireless sensor networks , 2005, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.

[37]  Choong Seon Hong,et al.  On Enhancing Event-to-Sink Data Delivery Throughput in Sensor Networks , 2009, 2009 Ninth Annual International Symposium on Applications and the Internet.