Numerical predictions on the influences of the air blast velocity, initial bed porosity and bed height on the shape and size of raceway zone in a blast furnace

A numerical model has been developed to predict the shape and size of the raceway zone (a void space) created by the force of the blast air injected through the tuyeres in the packed coke bed of a blast furnace. The model is based on the solution of conservation equations of both gas and solid phases as interpenetrating continua on a Eulerian–Eulerian frame. A modified k–e model has been adopted for gas phase turbulence. The solid phase constitutive equation is characterized by the solid pressure, bulk viscosity and shear viscosity, which are evaluated from the kinetic theory of random motions of granular materials in a fluid flow. The influences of the air blast velocity, initial porosity of the coke bed and the bed height on the shape and size of the raceway zone have been predicted.

[1]  Said Elghobashi,et al.  A two‐equation turbulence model for two‐phase flows , 1983 .

[2]  Shinroku Matsuzaki,et al.  Numerical analysis of flow and reaction in the raceway region of blast furnace , 1993 .

[3]  V. Sahajwalla,et al.  Coal-char/slag interactions during pulverised coal injection in a blast furnace : Reaction kinetics and wetting investigations , 2003 .

[4]  G. Csanady.  Turbulent Diffusion of Heavy Particles in the Atmosphere , 1963 .

[5]  Kazuyoshi Yamaguchi,et al.  Coal Combustion in the Raceway and Tuyere of a Blast Furnace , 1993 .

[6]  D. Gidaspow.  Multiphase Flow and Fluidization: Continuum and Kinetic Theory Descriptions , 1994 .

[7]  Nobuyuki Komatsu,et al.  COLD MODEL STUDY ON BURDEN BEHAVIOUR IN THE LOWER PART OF BLAST FURNACE , 1993 .

[8]  Aibing Yu,et al.  Gas-liquid-powder flow in moving particles : Operational and non-operational regimes , 1999 .

[9]  Dimitri Gidaspow,et al.  Hydrodynamic simulation of gas-solid flow in a riser using kinetic theory of granular flow , 2003 .

[10]  P. J. Flint,et al.  A fundamental study of raceway size in two dimensions , 1992 .

[11]  Hiroshi Takahashi,et al.  Two dimensional analysis of burden flow in blast furnace based on plasticity theory. , 1989 .

[12]  D. Jeffrey,et al.  Kinetic theories for granular flow: inelastic particles in Couette flow and slightly inelastic particles in a general flowfield , 1984, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[13]  Hiroshi Nogami,et al.  Transient Mathematical Model of Blast Furnace Based on Multi-fluid Concept, with Application to High PCI Operation , 2000 .

[14]  F. C. Lockwood,et al.  Integrated Mathematical Model of Pulverised Coal Combustion in a Blast Furnace , 1997 .

[15]  S. Patankar.  Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow , 2018, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering.

[16]  Khairil,et al.  Reaction Behavior of Coke Lump in Raceway of Blast Furnace with Pulverized Coal Injection , 2000 .

[17]  S. Nomura,et al.  Theoretical Study on Combustion of Injected Pulverized Coal in the Blast Furnace Blowpipe Zone , 1986 .

[18]  R. Jackson,et al.  Gas‐particle flow in a vertical pipe with particle‐particle interactions , 1989 .

[19]  Hiroshi Nogami,et al.  Modeling of Solid Flow in Moving Beds. , 1993 .

[20]  David G. Schaeffer,et al.  Instability in the evolution equations describing incompressible granular flow , 1987 .

[21]  Paul Zulli,et al.  Numerical Study of Gas‐Solid Flow in the Raceway of a Blast Furnace , 2003 .

[22]  Takeshi Furukawa,et al.  Simulation of Transport Phenomena around the Raceway Zone in the Blast Furnace with and without Pulverized Coal Injection , 1993 .

[23]  Paul Zulli,et al.  Numerical simulation of the gas-solid flow in a bed with lateral gas blasting , 2000 .

[24]  D. Gidaspow,et al.  A bubbling fluidization model using kinetic theory of granular flow , 1990 .

[25]  Paul Zulli,et al.  Modelling of the Solids Flow in a Blast Furnace , 1998 .

[26]  G. S. Gupta,et al.  Void Formation and Breaking in a Packed Bed , 2003 .