Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation using a horizontal expanded Al anode

The performance of a batch cell with a horizontal expanded Al-anode in removing Cu2+ and Cr from a hexavalent chromium solution by electrocoagulation from separate solutions was examined. The effect of electrolysis time, current density, pH, initial pollutant concentration and NaCl concentration on the removal efficiency of Cu2+ and Cr has been investigated. The results revealed that as current density increases the removal efficiency of Cu2+ increases, while in the case of Cr it increases up to a certain limit, then remains approximately constant. The optimum pH is from 4 to 6 and 3.5 for Cu2+ and Cr removal, respectively. The removal efficiency of Cu2+ increases as NaCl increases, but in the case of Cr it decreases. COD measurements showed that a 66.67% reduction of COD has been obtained at the optimum conditions of Cu2+ removal. Energy consumption was calculated for both heavy metals at different current density and NaCl concentration. At the optimum condition an energy consumption of 43 kWh is require...

[1]  Sangyong Kim,et al.  Decolorization of disperse and reactive dyes by continuous electrocoagulation process , 2002 .

[2]  Guohua Chen,et al.  Separation of pollutants from restaurant wastewater by electrocoagulation , 2000 .

[3]  Geoffrey W Barton,et al.  The future for electrocoagulation as a localised water treatment technology. , 2005, Chemosphere.

[4]  A. Samanta,et al.  Removal of Cr3+ by electrocoagulation with multiple electrodes: bipolar and monopolar configurations. , 2007, Journal of hazardous materials.

[5]  M. Hunsom,et al.  Electrochemical treatment of heavy metals (Cu2+, Cr6+, Ni2+) from industrial effluent and modeling of copper reduction. , 2005, Water research.

[6]  Mahmut Bayramoglu,et al.  Treatment of textile wastewaters by electrocoagulation using iron and aluminum electrodes. , 2003, Journal of hazardous materials.

[7]  Lanre Oshinowo,et al.  Turbulence decay behind expanded metal screens , 2000 .

[8]  Guohua Chen,et al.  Removal of chromium(VI) from wastewater by combined electrocoagulation–electroflotation without a filter , 2005 .

[9]  M Y Mollah,et al.  Electrocoagulation (EC)--science and applications. , 2001, Journal of hazardous materials.

[10]  N. Adhoum,et al.  Modified activated carbon for the removal of copper, zinc, chromium and cyanide from wastewater , 2002 .

[11]  H. Farag,et al.  Performance of an electrocoagulation cell with horizontally oriented electrodes in oil separation compared to a cell with vertical electrodes , 2009 .

[12]  V. Lobo,et al.  Mutual diffusion coefficients in aqueous electrolyte solutions (Technical Report) , 1993 .

[13]  A. Khataee,et al.  Decolorization of C.I. Acid Yellow 23 solution by electrocoagulation process: investigation of operational parameters and evaluation of specific electrical energy consumption (SEEC). , 2007, Journal of hazardous materials.

[14]  A. Khataee,et al.  The use of artificial neural networks (ANN) for modeling of decolorization of textile dye solution containing C. I. Basic Yellow 28 by electrocoagulation process. , 2006, Journal of hazardous materials.

[15]  B. Chaudhuri,et al.  Chemical oxidation of methylene blue using a Fenton-like reaction. , 2001, Journal of hazardous materials.

[16]  M. Kasiri,et al.  Optimization of C.I. Acid Red 14 azo dye removal by electrocoagulation batch process with response surface methodology , 2008 .

[17]  Pierre R. Roberge,et al.  Handbook of Corrosion Engineering , 1999 .

[18]  J. Belgaied,et al.  Treatment of electroplating wastewater containing Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cr(VI) by electrocoagulation. , 2004, Journal of hazardous materials.

[19]  S. Brar,et al.  Organics removal in oily bilgewater by electrocoagulation process. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[20]  G. Roa‐Morales,et al.  Electrochemical Treatment Applied to Food-Processing Industrial Wastewater , 2006 .

[21]  Wolfgang Calmano,et al.  Removal of Cr(VI) from model wastewaters by electrocoagulation with Fe electrodes , 2008 .

[22]  Wolfgang Calmano,et al.  Removal of Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Ag(I) and Cr(VI) present in aqueous solutions by aluminium electrocoagulation. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[23]  C. Mulligan,et al.  Biosorption of lead(II), cadmium(II), copper(II) and nickel(II) by anaerobic granular biomass. , 2006, Bioresource technology.

[24]  S. Prabhakar,et al.  Removal of sulfide, sulfate and sulfite ions by electro coagulation. , 2004, Journal of hazardous materials.

[25]  S Prabhakar,et al.  Separation of pollutants from tannery effluents by electro flotation , 2004 .

[26]  Guohua Chen.  Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment , 2004 .

[27]  N. Amin,et al.  Removal of lead (II) and copper (II) from aqueous solution using pomegranate peel as a new adsorbent , 2008 .

[28]  P. Núńez,et al.  Electrocoagulation in wastewater containing arsenic: Comparing different process designs , 2007 .

[29]  J. Blais,et al.  Removal of metals in leachate from sewage sludge using electrochemical technology , 2004, Environmental technology.

[30]  A. S. Koparal,et al.  Electrocoagulation of olive mill wastewaters , 2006 .

[31]  Mahmut Bayramoglu,et al.  Techno-economical evaluation of electrocoagulation for the textile wastewater using different electrode connections. , 2007, Journal of hazardous materials.

[32]  A. Samanta,et al.  Removal of trivalent chromium by electrocoagulation , 2007 .

[33]  A. Mesdaghinia,et al.  Performance Evaluation of Electrocoagulation Process for Removal of Chromium (VI) from Synthetic Chromium Solutions Using Iron and Aluminum Electrodes , 2008 .

[34]  N. Brandon,et al.  Laboratory study of electro-coagulation-flotation for water treatment. , 2002, Water research.

[35]  I. D. Mall,et al.  Electrochemical Degradation of Pulp and Paper Mill Wastewater. Part 1. COD and Color Removal , 2006 .

[36]  M. Feki,et al.  Behavior of aluminum electrodes in electrocoagulation process. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[37]  H. Farag,et al.  The role of mass transfer in the electrolytic reduction of hexavalent chromium at gas evolving rotating cylinder electrodes , 1992 .