Antifungal Activity of 23 Seaweeds from the Coast of El Jadida Morocco against

Marine macroalgae are considered to be an excellent natural biosource of a large active biocidal substance against plant-infecting pathogens. For that, the inhibitory effect of 23 marine algae (13 Rhodophyta, 6 Phaeophyta and 4 chlorophyta) collected from the coast of El Jadida (Sidi bouzid) Morroco has been evaluated against 2 fungal strain ( Fusarium culmorum and Alternria alternata ) using five organic extracts (Methanol, Butanol, Methanol/Dichloromethane (50/50), Dichloromethane and Hexane). Data revealed that the Fusarium culmurum was the most sensitive pathogen, the important inhibitions was obtained with methanol/ dichloromethanolic extract of red algae Cystoseira humilis (29±0.2 mm) followed by the extract with the same solvent of the green algae Ulva rigida with 27±0.6 mm. The highest activity against Alternaria alternata is obtained with the methanolic extract of Bifurcaria bifurcata (22±0.3 mm) followed by the methanolic extract of Fucus spiralis and the methanol / dichloromethanolic extract of Cystoseira humilis (20±0.5 mm). These marine macro-algae appear to have immense potential source of antifungal compounds, they could be used in treating diseases caused by various organisms tested. About the green algae, two of the four species tested showed significant activity against the fungal species Fusarium culmorum while only one specie showed activity against Alternaria alternata

[1]  Hanaâ Zbakh,et al.  ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BENTHIC MARINE ALGAE EXTRACTS FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN COAST OF MOROCCO , 2020 .

[2]  Da-Eun Im,et al.  Antifungal Potential in Crude Extracts of Five Selected Brown Seaweeds Collected from the Western Libya Coast , 2016 .

[3]  O. Assobhei,et al.  INHIBITIVE ACTIVITY OF 17 MARINE ALGAE FROM THE COAST OF EL JADIDA-MOROCCO AGAINST ERWINIA CHRYSANTHEMI , 2015 .

[4]  B. Iskandar,et al.  Screening of Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Egyptian Cyanobacterial Species , 2015 .

[5]  F. S. Dolar,et al.  Detection and identification of Alternaria species causing diseases of carrot in Ankara province, Turkey. , 2015 .

[6]  T. Balsby,et al.  Bioremediation of reject water from anaerobically digested waste water sludge with macroalgae (Ulva lactuca, Chlorophyta). , 2013, Bioresource technology.

[7]  R. Alghazeer,et al.  Screening of antibacterial activity in marine green, red and brown macroalgae from the western coast of Libya , 2013 .

[8]  Ranel C. Larino,et al.  Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Brown Alga Padina australis Hauck Crude Extract , 2012 .

[9]  E. C. Jeyaseelan.  Antibacterial Activity of Some Selected Algae Present in the Costal Lines of Jaffna Peninsula , 2012 .

[10]  A. Moenne,et al.  Seaweed Polysaccharides and Derived Oligosaccharides Stimulate Defense Responses and Protection Against Pathogens in Plants , 2011, Marine drugs.

[11]  W. Salem,et al.  Biological Control of Some Pathogenic Fungi using Marine Algae Extracts , 2011 .

[12]  B. Moerschbacher,et al.  Priming of the oxidative burst in rice and wheat cell cultures by ulvan, a polysaccharide from green macroalgae, and enhanced resistance against powdery mildew in wheat and barley plants , 2010 .

[13]  D. Walters,et al.  Practical application of induced resistance to plant diseases: an appraisal of effectiveness under field conditions , 2009, The Journal of Agricultural Science.

[14]  Z. Punja,et al.  Seaweed extract reduces foliar fungal diseases on carrot , 2008 .

[15]  A. Sukatar,et al.  Antimicrobial activity of volatile components and various extracts of the red alga Jania rubens , 2007, Phytotherapy research : PTR.

[16]  Bilge Hilal Çadirci,et al.  Antimicrobial Activities of the Extracts of Marine Algae from the Coast of Urla (‹zmir, Turkey) , 2006 .

[17]  C. Pieterse,et al.  The Relationship Between Basal and Induced Resistance in Arabidopsis , 2006 .

[18]  J. D. Silva,et al.  Double immune response of plants to pathogens and its biochemical basis. , 2006 .

[19]  G. Boland,et al.  A review of the non-target effects of fungi used to biologically control plant diseases , 2003 .

[20]  M. Verlaque,et al.  A Checklist of the Seaweeds of the Mediterranean and Atlantic Coasts of Morocco. III. Rhodophyceae (Excluding Ceramiales) , 2002 .

[21]  M. Verlaque,et al.  A Checklist of the Seaweeds of the Mediterranean and Atlantic Coasts of Morocco. II. Phaeophyceae , 2002 .

[22]  M. Verlaque,et al.  A Check-List of Marine Seaweeds of the Mediterranean and Atlantic Coasts of Morocco. I. Chlorophyceae Wille s. l. , 2001 .

[23]  B. Kloareg,et al.  Linear β-1,3 Glucans Are Elicitors of Defense Responses in Tobacco , 2000 .

[24]  R. Hammerschmidt.  Induced disease resistance : how do induced plants stop pathogens? , 1999 .

[25]  I. Somssich,et al.  Defense Responses of Plants to Pathogens , 1995 .

[26]  S. Caccamese,et al.  Screening for Antimicrobial Activities in Marine Algae from Eastern Sicily1 , 1979, Planta medica.