Gap-processing time analysis of stall avoidance mechanisms for high speed downlink packet access with parallel HARQ schemes

The parallel multi-channel stop-and-wait (SAW) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) mechanism is one of key technologies Tor high speed downlink packet access in the wideband code division multiple access system. However, this parallel HARQ mechanism may encounter a serious stall problem, resulted from the error of the negative acknowledgement (NACK) changing to the acknowledgement (ACK) in the control channel. In the stall situation, the receiver waits for a packet that is no longer sent by the transmitter and stops delivering the medium access control (MAC) layer packets to the upper layer. The stall issue seriously degrades the quality of service for the high speed mobile terminal owing to the high probability of NACK-to-ACK errors. In this paper, we present an analytical approach to compare three stall avoidance schemes: the timer-based, the window-based, and the indicator-based schemes. To this end, we first define a new performance metric - the gap-processing time - the duration for a nonrecoverable gap appearing in the MAC layer re-ordering buffer until it is recognized. Second, we derive the closed-form expressions for the average gap-processing time of these three stall avoidance schemes. It is shown that our analytical results match the simulations well. Further, by analysis we demonstrate that the indicator-based stall avoidance scheme outperforms the timer-based and the window-based schemes. The developed analytical approaches provide important insight into determining a proper number of processes in the parallel SAW HARQ mechanism when applying the indicator-based stall avoidance scheme. Moreover, our analysis can facilitate the physical/MAC/radio link control cross-layer design because the gap-processing time is closely related to packet error rate in the physical layer, reordering buffer size in the MAC and RLC layer.

[1]  Sajal K. Das,et al.  Fast ARQ in High Speed Downlink Packet Access for WCDMA Systems , 2001 .

[2]  Wha Sook Jeon,et al.  Design of packet transmission scheduler for high speed downlink packet access systems , 2002, Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367).

[3]  Mamoru Sawahashi,et al.  Performance of Fast Cell Selection Coupled with Fast Packet Scheduling in High-Speed Downlink Packet Access , 2002 .

[4]  M. Nakamura,et al.  Adaptive control of link adaptation for high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) in W-CDMA , 2002, The 5th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications.

[5]  Robert C. Qiu,et al.  Third-generation and beyond (3.5G) wireless networks and its applications , 2002, 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353).

[6]  Mugen Peng,et al.  Investigation of hybrid ARQ performance for TDD CDMA HSDPA , 2003, The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring..

[7]  Phone Lin,et al.  Overflow control for UMTS high-speed downlink packet access , 2004, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[8]  Stefan Parkvall,et al.  The high speed packet data evolution of WCDMA , 2001, 12th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications. PIMRC 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01TH8598).

[9]  Frank Frederiksen,et al.  Performance aspects of WCDMA systems with high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) , 2002, Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference.

[10]  Ari Hottinen,et al.  High bit rates for 3G and beyond using MIMO channels , 2002, The 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications.

[11]  Linda M. Davis,et al.  System architecture and ASICs for a MIMO 3GPP-HSDPA receiver , 2003, The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring..

[12]  Bernhard Raaf,et al.  Hybrid ARQ and adaptive modulation and coding schemes for high speed downlink packet access , 2002, The 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications.

[13]  Mika Rinne,et al.  Performance of the Medium Access Control Protocol for the High Speed Downlink Packet Access , 2003 .

[14]  S. Vadgama,et al.  Hybrid genetic packet scheduling and radio resource management for high speed downlink packet access , 2002, The 5th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications.

[15]  Hsuan-Jung Su,et al.  Adaptive, asynchronous incremental redundancy (A/sup 2/IR) with fixed transmission time intervals (TTI) for HSDPA , 2002, The 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications.