A numerical solution for a variable-order reaction–diffusion model by using fractional derivatives with non-local and non-singular kernel

Abstract A reaction–diffusion system can be represented by the Gray–Scott model. The reaction–diffusion dynamic is described by a pair of time and space dependent Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). In this paper, a generalization of the Gray–Scott model by using variable-order fractional differential equations is proposed. The variable-orders were set as smooth functions bounded in ( 0 , 1 ] and, specifically, the Liouville–Caputo and the Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo fractional derivatives were used to express the time differentiation. In order to find a numerical solution of the proposed model, the finite difference method together with the Adams method were applied. The simulations results showed the chaotic behavior of the proposed model when different variable-orders are applied.

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