Analysis of multi-braced earth retaining structures

A practical procedure for the analysis of multi-braced earth retaining structures considering various excavation stages is presented in this paper for the first time. Taking into account the interactions among pile, soil and bracings, and through stage by stage analysis of the effect of the excavation process on internal forces, support reactions and displacements of a pile, a computation procedure is proposed based on flexural differential equations for multi-braced earth retaining structures. Comparison is made between the proposed method and the measured data and close agreement has been found. It is noted that the design moment of a pile should be the maximum moment during the entire excavation process (not necessarily the last stage). The proposed method has addressed this issue in the design stage and also provided technical guidance for the construction process. The method is simple and efficient. In fact, the computation can be done manually when the bracings are less than three.