Day-Ahead Load Peak Shedding/Shifting Scheme Based on Potential Load Values Utilization: Theory and Practice of Policy-Driven Demand Response in China

To solve the problem of power shortage during load peak periods, policy-driven demand response (PDDR) is put forward in China. This paper proposes a novel PDDR scheme based on potential load values. An index of PDDR is established to identify the characteristics of industry load clients, who have signed contracts with power utilities. The deviation-maximization algorithm is introduced to quantify potential load values for these industry loads. Four different capabilities of PDDR are defined in this method, including daily peak shifting, weekly peak shifting, monthly peak shifting, and peak shedding separately. According to their different PDDR abilities, all clients will be assigned to four groups and the total load gap is resolved into four levels as well. By modeling the four means, respectively, this paper presents an effective PDDR scheme with multi-time scales. Taking Nanjing City, China, as an example, numerical simulations and practical results illustrate that the proposed method is an effective way to address the problem of power deficit during peak time, as well as to improve the security and efficiency of power grid operation.