Nicotine gum and behavioral treatment: a placebo controlled trial.

Subjects (N = 139) were assigned to intensive behavioral or to low-contact smoking treatment and to 2-mg nicotine gum or to placebo gum in a 2 X 2 factorial design. The 2-mg gum produced higher abstinence rates than did the placebo. Subjects receiving the low-contact condition plus the 2-mg nicotine gum had excellent abstinence rates at both 26 weeks (56% abstainers) and 52 weeks (50% abstainers). Smokers who scored at the median on a measure of physical dependence to nicotine were more likely to benefit by nicotine gum treatment than subjects who scored either higher or lower, but this relation was nonsignificant. The results of this study are compared with an earlier nonblind trial.

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