Power without wires

This article presents the history of WPT and the various technologies and applications of this exciting technology. In the near future, standardization and regulation will be of importance to realizing WPT based products for commercial applications. The WPC has defined a standard for inductive coupling and members of this group have released conforming products. There are, as yet, no standards or regulation for resonant coupling and MPT technologies. In Japan, a technical forum known as Broadband Wireless Forum has been established to discuss the future of WPT. SPS researchers have also submitted a proposal for WPT to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). In the IEEE MTT Society, the Technical Committee MTT-26 Wireless Energy Transfer and Conversion was established in June, 2011 to discuss the future of WPT.

[1]  P. Glaser Power from the sun: its future. , 1968, Science.

[2]  N. Inagaki,et al.  Classification and characterization of wireless power transfer systems of resonance method based on equivalent circuit derived from even- and odd mode reactance functions , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications.

[3]  R. Gutmann,et al.  Yagi-Uda Receiving Elements in Microwave Power Transmission system Rectennas , 1979 .

[4]  Y. Hirano,et al.  Internally-matched GaN HEMT high efficiency power amplifier for Space Solar Power Stations , 2010, 2010 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.

[5]  William C. Brown,et al.  The SPS transmitter designed around the magnetron directional amplifier , 1988 .

[6]  Takehiro Imura,et al.  Basic experimental study on helical antennas of wireless power transfer for Electric Vehicles by using magnetic resonant couplings , 2009, 2009 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.

[7]  Nobuyoshi Kikuma,et al.  A consideration of electro-magnetic-resonant coupling mode in wireless power transmission , 2009, IEICE Electron. Express.

[8]  Zoya Popovic,et al.  Broadband Rectenna Arrays for Randomly Polarized Incident Waves , 2000, 2000 30th European Microwave Conference.

[9]  Eli Brookner Phased arrays and radars : Past, present and future , 2006 .

[10]  William C. Brown Adapting Microwave Techniques to Help Solve Future Energy Problems , 1973 .

[11]  Masataka Otsuka,et al.  Relation between spacing and receiving efficiency of finite rectenna array , 1991 .

[12]  N. Shinohara,et al.  Developme nt of Active Phased Array with Phase-controlled Magnetrons , 2000 .

[13]  J. W. Hankin,et al.  Microwave Power Transmission , 1968 .

[14]  Kozo Hashimoto Frequency allocations of solar power satellite and international activities , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications.

[15]  L. Stark,et al.  Microwave theory of phased-array antennas—A review , 1974 .

[16]  Tadashi Hattori,et al.  Microwave Energy Transmission System for Microrobot , 1997 .

[17]  R. P. Smith,et al.  A compact dual-polarized 8.51-GHz rectenna for high-voltage (50 V) actuator applications , 2000 .

[18]  Naoki Shinohara Development of rectenna with wireless communication system , 2011, Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP).

[19]  Takashi Ohira,et al.  Power transfer for a running automobile , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications.

[20]  R. M. Dickinson Performance of a High-Power, 2.388-GHz Receiving Array in Wireless Power Transmission Over 1.54 km , 1976 .

[21]  H. Haus Waves and fields in optoelectronics , 1983 .

[22]  Ikuo Awai Design theory of wireless power transfer system based on magnetically coupled resonators , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Wireless Information Technology and Systems.

[23]  Kai Chang,et al.  A high conversion efficiency 5.8 GHz rectenna , 1997, 1997 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[24]  William C. Brown,et al.  The History of Power Transmission by Radio Waves , 1984 .

[25]  N. Shinohara,et al.  New application of microwave power transmission for wireless power distribution system in buildings , 2008, 2008 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.

[26]  Joungho Kim,et al.  Magnetic field design for high efficient and low EMF wireless power transfer in on-line electric vehicle , 2011, Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP).

[27]  Nobuaki Kawahara,et al.  Development of in‐pipe microrobot using microwave energy transmission , 2001 .

[28]  William C. Brown A Microwaver Powered, Long Duration, High Altitude Platform , 1986, 1986 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[29]  Hiroki Shoki Issues and initiatives for practical use of wireless power transmission technologies in Japan , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications.

[30]  Joshua R. Smith,et al.  Experimental results with two wireless power transfer systems , 2009, 2009 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium.

[31]  Nikola Tesla Experiments with alternate currents of high potential and high frequency; A lecture delivered before the Institution of Electrical Engineers, London , 1979 .

[32]  J. J. Schlesak,et al.  A microwave powered high altitude platform , 1988, 1988., IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.

[33]  Naoki Shinohara,et al.  New phased array and rectenna array systems for microwave power transmission research , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications.

[34]  Naoki Shinohara,et al.  Beam Efficiency of Wireless Power Transmission via Radio Waves from Short Range to Long Range , 2010 .

[35]  Takehiro Imura,et al.  Flexibility of Contactless Power Transfer using Magnetic Resonance Coupling to Air Gap and Misalignment for EV , 2009 .

[36]  N. Shinohara,et al.  Development of class-F load rectennas , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications.

[37]  W. C. Brown,et al.  The history of the development of the rectenna , 1980 .

[38]  Hiroshi Matsumoto,et al.  Research on solar power satellites and microwave power transmission in Japan , 2002 .

[39]  M. Soljačić,et al.  Efficient wireless non-radiative mid-range energy transfer , 2006, physics/0611063.

[40]  Naoki Shinohara,et al.  5.8 GHz high sensitivity rectenna array , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications.

[41]  Kai Chang,et al.  Theoretical and experimental development of 10 and 35 GHz rectennas , 1992 .

[42]  Cher Ming Tan,et al.  Wireless energy harvesting using serially connected voltage doublers , 2010, 2010 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.

[43]  Nuno Borges Carvalho,et al.  Maximizing DC power in energy harvesting circuits using multisine excitation , 2011, 2011 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium.

[44]  Naoki Shinohara,et al.  Experimental study of large rectenna array for microwave energy transmission , 1998 .

[45]  William C. Brown,et al.  Optimization of the Efficiency and Other Properties of the Rectenna Element , 1976 .

[46]  B. L. Diamond A generalized approach to the analysis of infinite planar array antennas , 1968 .

[47]  K. Fotopoulou,et al.  Wireless Power Transfer in Loosely Coupled Links: Coil Misalignment Model , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[48]  J. C. Mankins,et al.  Space solar power programs and microwave wireless power transmission technology , 2002 .

[49]  K. Itoh,et al.  Rectenna composed of a circular microstrip antenna , 1986 .