Onboard DC grid employing smart grid technology: challenges, state of the art and future prospects

Research in All Electric Ship (AES) and onboard DC grids has already been initiated and it is going to be intensified because of its promising perspectives. This study aims to present in a coherent and methodical way why onboard DC distribution systems, smart grids and AES concept can greatly improve ship efficiency. Emerging technical challenges and future prospects are presented; state of the art is summarised while directions for a complete research roadmap are proposed.

[1]  Kenwood H. Hall,et al.  Methodologies and tools for intelligent agents in distributed control , 2005, IEEE Intelligent Systems.

[2]  David A. Cartes,et al.  Market-based multiagent system for reconfiguration of shipboard power systems , 2009 .

[3]  Marta Molinas,et al.  Centralized stabilizer for marine DC microgrid , 2013, IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[4]  S. D. Sudhoff Currents of Change , 2011, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[5]  Liangzhong Yao,et al.  DC network stability and dynamic analysis using virtual impedance method , 2012, IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[6]  Min Luo,et al.  Wavelet based method for fault detection in Medium Voltage DC shipboard power systems , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings.

[7]  Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy,et al.  Optimal location and sizing of energy storage modules for a smart electric ship power system , 2011, 2011 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence Applications In Smart Grid (CIASG).

[8]  Stefano Bracco,et al.  The University of Genoa smart polygeneration microgrid test-bed facility: The overall system, the technologies and the research challenges , 2013 .

[9]  Takis Zourntos,et al.  Multi-agent system-based real-time load management for NG IPS ships in high/medium voltage level , 2011, 2011 IEEE/PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition.

[10]  Prasenjit Basak,et al.  A literature review on integration of distributed energy resources in the perspective of control, protection and stability of microgrid , 2012 .

[11]  Boon-Teck Ooi,et al.  Locating and Isolating DC Faults in Multi-Terminal DC Systems , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[12]  J. S. Thongam,et al.  All-electric ships—A review of the present state of the art , 2013, 2013 Eighth International Conference and Exhibition on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER).

[13]  T. Nagata,et al.  A multi-agent approach to power system restoration , 2002 .

[14]  Antonello Monti,et al.  Design of Smart MVDC Power Grid Protection , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

[15]  Chester R. Petry,et al.  Powering the Future with the Integrated Power System , 1996 .

[16]  Alexis Kwasinski,et al.  Advanced power electronics enabled distribution architectures: Design, operation, and control , 2011, 8th International Conference on Power Electronics - ECCE Asia.

[17]  Gayathri Seenumani,et al.  Real-time Power Management of Hybrid Power Systems in All Electric Ship Applications. , 2010 .

[18]  G. Chicco,et al.  From cogeneration to trigeneration: profitable alternatives in a competitive market , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[19]  P Fairley Edison vindicated [Update] , 2011 .

[20]  Shen Chen,et al.  An Overview of the Application of DC Zonal Distribution System in Shipboard Integrated Power System , 2012, 2012 Third International Conference on Digital Manufacturing & Automation.

[21]  M. Velez-Reyes,et al.  A reconfiguration algorithm for a DC Zonal Electric Distribution System based on graph theory methods , 2009, 2009 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium.

[22]  George J. Tsekouras,et al.  Control system for fuel consumption minimization–gas emission limitation of full electric propulsion ship power systems , 2014 .

[23]  Alexis Kwasinski,et al.  A DC Arc Model for Series Faults in Low Voltage Microgrids , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[24]  Scott D. Sudhoff,et al.  Reducing Impact of Pulsed Power Loads on Microgrid Power Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[25]  Jae-Do Park,et al.  DC Ring-Bus Microgrid Fault Protection and Identification of Fault Location , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[26]  Rodrigo Palma-Behnke,et al.  A methodology for community engagement in the introduction of renewable based smart microgrid , 2011 .

[27]  Qunying Shen,et al.  Power and Energy Management in Integrated Power System , 2011, 2011 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium.

[28]  Bin Liu,et al.  Multi-Agent Based Hierarchical Hybrid Control for Smart Microgrid , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[29]  J M Prousalidis,et al.  New challenges emerged from the development of more efficient electric energy generation units , 2011, 2011 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium.

[30]  S D Sudhoff,et al.  Advancements in generalized immittance based stability analysis of DC power electronics based distribution systems , 2011, 2011 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium.

[31]  Mu Longhua,et al.  Construction of integrated smart power system for future ship , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology.

[32]  Bin Wu,et al.  Recent Advances and Industrial Applications of Multilevel Converters , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[33]  Jon Andreu,et al.  General aspects, hierarchical controls and droop methods in microgrids: A review , 2013 .

[34]  Lars Liljestrand,et al.  On the use of metal oxide varistors as a snubber circuit in solid-state breakers , 2013, IEEE PES ISGT Europe 2013.

[35]  Hee-Je Kim,et al.  Hybrid photovoltaic/diesel green ship operating in standalone and grid-connected mode – Experimental investigation , 2013 .

[36]  Lorenzo Fagiano,et al.  High Altitude Wind Energy Generation Using Controlled Power Kites , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[37]  C Heising,et al.  Scenario-based stability-assessment of converter-fed DC-ship grids loaded with pulsed power , 2011, 2011 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium.

[38]  K. Shenai,et al.  Smart DC micro-grid for efficient utilization of distributed renewable energy , 2011, IEEE 2011 EnergyTech.

[39]  David Philip McArthur,et al.  Ships in a city harbour: an economic valuation of atmospheric emissions , 2013 .

[40]  Ju Lee,et al.  AC-microgrids versus DC-microgrids with distributed energy resources: A review , 2013 .

[41]  James A. Momoh,et al.  Security assessment of DC zonal naval-ship power system , 2001, LESCOPE 01. 2001 Large Engineering Systems Conference on Power Engineering. Conference Proceedings. Theme: Powering Beyond 2001 (Cat. No.01ex490).

[42]  Junqi Liu,et al.  Decentralized Linear Quadratic Gaussian control of multi-generator MVDC shipboard power system with Constant Power Loads , 2013, 2013 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS).

[43]  Li Ren,et al.  The Application of Active Superconducting DC Fault Current Limiter in Hybrid AC/DC Power Supply Systems , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[44]  Tomasz Tarasiuk A few remarks about assessment methods of electric power quality on ships – Present state and further development , 2009 .

[45]  B. Natarajan,et al.  Analysis of Optimal Reconfiguration of Shipboard Power Systems , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[46]  K. Lentijo,et al.  Coordination between supply power converters and contactors for fault protection in multi-terminal MVDC distribution systems , 2013, 2013 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium (ESTS).

[47]  Zhenhua Jiang,et al.  Agent-based power sharing scheme for active hybrid power sources , 2008 .