Vehicle-Solar-Grid Integration: Concept and Construction

Vehicle-solar-grid (VSG) integration is a novel vehicle-to-grid concept that utilizes otherwise underemployed residential grid-tied solar inverters and electric vehicle batteries to provide ancillary services to the grid. The bidirectional flow of power in turn can provide revenue that can offset the cost of the vehicle and the photovoltaic system. This paper describes the VSG concept and the design and construction of an installation, which has demonstrated it in practice.