Observation of a gamma-ray flash at ground level in association with a cloud-to-ground lightning return stroke
暂无分享,去创建一个
Martin A. Uman | Jason R. Dwyer | Hamid K. Rassoul | Douglas M. Jordan | J. Dwyer | M. Uman | Ningyu Liu | D. Jordan | J. D. Hill | H. Rassoul | Jonathan M. D. Hill | E. Cramer | E. S. Cramer | M. M. Schaal | Shahab Arabshahi | Ningyu Liu | S. Arabshahi | M. Schaal
[1] N. Østgaard,et al. The true fluence distribution of terrestrial gamma flashes at satellite altitude , 2012 .
[2] Martin A. Uman,et al. “Chaotic” dart leaders in triggered lightning: Electric fields, X-rays, and source locations , 2012 .
[3] J. Dwyer. The relativistic feedback discharge model of terrestrial gamma ray flashes , 2012 .
[4] V. Pasko,et al. Compton scattering effects on the duration of terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes , 2012 .
[5] K. Kusunoki,et al. Migrating source of energetic radiation generated by thunderstorm activity , 2011 .
[6] L. Babich,et al. Self-sustained relativistic-runaway-electron avalanches in the transverse field of lightning leader as sources of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes , 2011 .
[7] Martin A. Uman,et al. High‐speed X‐ray images of triggered lightning dart leaders , 2011 .
[8] Richard J. Blakeslee,et al. A terrestrial gamma ray flash observed from an aircraft , 2011 .
[9] Gerald J. Fishman,et al. The lightning‐TGF relationship on microsecond timescales , 2011 .
[10] P. N. Bhat,et al. Temporal properties of the terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes from the Gamma‐Ray Burst Monitor on the Fermi Observatory , 2011 .
[11] V. Pasko,et al. Energy and fluxes of thermal runaway electrons produced by exponential growth of streamers during the stepping of lightning leaders and in transient luminous events , 2011 .
[12] K. Makishima,et al. Long-duration gamma-ray emissions from 2007 and 2008 winter thunderstorms , 2011, 1102.4024.
[13] Gerald J. Fishman,et al. Electron‐positron beams from terrestrial lightning observed with Fermi GBM , 2011 .
[14] U. Inan,et al. Terrestrial gamma ray flash production by active lightning leader channels , 2010 .
[15] A. Chilingarian,et al. Ground-based observations of thunderstorm-correlated fluxes of high-energy electrons, gamma rays, and neutrons , 2010 .
[16] P. N. Bhat,et al. First results on terrestrial gamma ray flashes from the Fermi Gamma‐ray Burst Monitor , 2010 .
[17] H. Christian,et al. Lightning mapping observation of a terrestrial gamma‐ray flash , 2010 .
[18] D. Smith,et al. A closer examination of terrestrial gamma‐ray flash‐related lightning processes , 2010 .
[19] J. Dwyer,et al. Estimation of the fluence of high-energy electron bursts produced by thunderclouds and the resulting radiation doses received in aircraft , 2010 .
[20] N. Østgaard,et al. Effects of dead time losses on terrestrial gamma ray flash measurements with the Burst and Transient Source Experiment , 2010 .
[21] U. Inan,et al. Geolocation of terrestrial gamma‐ray flash source lightning , 2010 .
[22] Martin A. Uman,et al. Properties of the X-ray emission from rocket-triggered lightning as measured by the Thunderstorm Energetic Radiation Array (TERA) , 2009 .
[23] M. Kamogawa,et al. Gradual increase of energetic radiation associated with thunderstorm activity at the top of Mt. Fuji , 2009 .
[24] M. Takita,et al. Observation of an energetic radiation burst from mountain-top thunderclouds. , 2009, Physical review letters.
[25] S. Cummer,et al. Spectral dependence of terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes on source distance , 2009 .
[26] Vladimir A. Rakov,et al. A study of X-ray emission from laboratory sparks in air at atmospheric pressure , 2008 .
[27] D. Buote,et al. χ2 AND POISSONIAN DATA: BIASES EVEN IN THE HIGH-COUNT REGIME AND HOW TO AVOID THEM , 2008, 0811.2796.
[28] Martin A. Uman,et al. Co‐location of lightning leader x‐ray and electric field change sources , 2008 .
[29] J. Dwyer,et al. Source mechanisms of terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes , 2008 .
[30] J. Dwyer,et al. Time evolution of terrestrial gamma ray flashes , 2008 .
[31] J. Dwyer,et al. High‐energy electron beams launched into space by thunderstorms , 2008 .
[32] K. Makishima,et al. Detection of high-energy gamma rays from winter thunderclouds. , 2007, Physical review letters.
[33] J. Dwyer. Relativistic breakdown in planetary atmospheres , 2007 .
[34] U. Inan,et al. Constraints on terrestrial gamma ray flash production from satellite observation , 2007 .
[35] V. Rakov,et al. Lightning: Physics and Effects , 2007 .
[36] Yukihiro Takahashi,et al. Lightning flashes conducive to the production and escape of gamma radiation to space , 2006 .
[37] Georgios Veronis,et al. Monte Carlo model for analysis of thermal runaway electrons in streamer tips in transient luminous events and streamer zones of lightning leaders , 2006 .
[38] A. Regan,et al. A link between terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes and intracloud lightning discharges , 2005 .
[39] J. Dwyer,et al. A comparison between Monte Carlo simulations of runaway breakdown and terrestrial gamma‐ray flash observations , 2005 .
[40] Joseph R. Dwyer,et al. The initiation of lightning by runaway air breakdown , 2005 .
[41] S. Cummer,et al. Measurements and implications of the relationship between lightning and terrestrial gamma ray flashes , 2005 .
[42] Vladimir A. Rakov,et al. X‐ray bursts associated with leader steps in cloud‐to‐ground lightning , 2005 .
[43] Jason R. Dwyer,et al. Implications of x‐ray emission from lightning , 2004 .
[44] Vladimir A. Rakov,et al. Measurements of x‐ray emission from rocket‐triggered lightning , 2004 .
[45] Vladimir A. Rakov,et al. A ground level gamma‐ray burst observed in association with rocket‐triggered lightning , 2004 .
[46] Joseph R. Dwyer,et al. A fundamental limit on electric fields in air , 2003 .
[47] Vladimir A. Rakov,et al. Energetic Radiation Produced During Rocket-Triggered Lightning , 2003, Science.
[48] T. Torii,et al. Observation of gamma‐ray dose increase associated with winter thunderstorm and lightning activity , 2002 .
[49] A. S. Lidvansky,et al. Transient variations of secondary cosmic rays due to atmospheric electric field and evidence for pre-lightning particle acceleration , 2002 .
[50] Aleksandr V. Gurevich,et al. Runaway breakdown and electric discharges in thunderstorms , 2001 .
[51] T. Hauschild,et al. Comparison of maximum likelihood estimation and chi-square statistics applied to counting experiments , 2001 .
[52] K. Zybin,et al. Intensive X-ray emission bursts during thunderstorms , 2000 .
[53] S. Cecchini,et al. Gamma‐ray bursts of atmospheric origin in the MeV energy range , 2000 .
[54] Umran S. Inan,et al. Monte Carlo simulation of runaway MeV electron breakdown with application to red sprites and terrestrial gamma ray flashes , 1999 .
[55] K. Mighell. Parameter Estimation in Astronomy with Poisson-distributed Data. I. The χγ2 Statistic , 1999, astro-ph/9903093.
[56] R. Flowerdew,et al. Evaluating the goodness of fit in models of sparse medical data: a simulation approach. , 1997, International journal of epidemiology.
[57] Umran S. Inan,et al. On the association of terrestrial gamma‐ray bursts with lightning and implications for sprites , 1996 .
[58] C. Kouveliotou,et al. Discovery of Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes of Atmospheric Origin , 1994, Science.
[59] G. M. Milikh,et al. Runaway electron mechanism of air breakdown and preconditioning during a thunderstorm , 1992 .
[60] M. Degroot,et al. Probability and Statistics , 1977 .
[61] A. N. Lebedev,et al. ON THE THEORY OF RUNAWAY ELECTRONS , 1965 .
[62] M D NIELSEN,et al. Cosmic Rays , 1930, Nature.
[63] J. Jerauld. Properties of natural cloud-to-ground lightning inferred from multiple-station measurements of close electric and magnetic fields and field derivatives , 2007 .
[64] Permalink. Title A comparison between Monte Carlo simulations of runaway breakdown and terrestrial gamma-ray flash observations , 2005 .
[65] John Tabak,et al. Probability and statistics : the science of uncertainty , 2004 .
[66] Aleksandr V Gurevich,et al. Runaway breakdown and electric discharges in thunderstorms , 2001 .