The effect of rate and dose of glucose infusion on the acute insulin response in man.

Two types of studies have been done to determine the importance of the rate of plasma glucose concentration change to the magnitude of the acute insulin response following an intravenous glucose injection in normal men. When an identical amount of glucose (20 g) was given at varying infusion rates (1.67 g/min to 66.7 g/min), the magnitude of the acute insulin response was found to be proportional to the rate. When various doses (5 g to 20 g) were given at the identical rate (1.67 g/min) the acute insulin response did not change. When 5 g of glucose was given in 0.3 and 3 minutes, a sub-maximal acute insulin response resulted which was still rate-dependent (delta peak IRI=35.5 +/- 5 at 5 g/0.3 minutes, 21.8 +/- 3 at 5 g/3 minutes). We have concluded that the human islet acts as a sensor for both the concentration of plasma glucose and the rate of change in plasma glucose. Islet perception of both these phenomena are critical factors in the determination of the magnitude of the acute insulin response.

[1]  H. Landahl,et al.  Role of rate of change of glucose concentration as a signal for insulin release. , 1977, Endocrinology.

[2]  W. Zingg,et al.  An Artificial Endocrine Pancreas , 1974, Diabetes.

[3]  J. Thorell,et al.  Estimation of the early insulin response to intravenous glucose injection. , 1973, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.

[4]  D. Porte,et al.  Acute and steady-state insulin responses to glucose in nonobese diabetic subjects. , 1972, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[5]  E. Cerasi,et al.  Decreased Sensitivity of the Pancreatic Beta Cells to Glucose in Prediabetic and Diabetic Subjects: A Glucose Dose-Response Study , 1972, Diabetes.

[6]  S. Levin,et al.  Effect of diphenylhydantoin on insulin secretion in man. , 1972, The New England journal of medicine.

[7]  D. Porte,et al.  Relationships Between Intravenous Glucose Loads, Insulin Responses and Glucose Disappearance Rate1 , 1971 .

[8]  G. Reaven,et al.  Is there a Delay in the Plasma Insulin Response of Patients with Chemical Diabetes Mellitus? , 1971, Diabetes.

[9]  R. Gleason,et al.  Offspring of two diabetic parents: differential serum insulin responses to intravenous glucose and tolbutamide. , 1969, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[10]  D. Porte,et al.  Insulin responses to glucose: evidence for a two pool system in man. , 1969, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[11]  G. Grodsky,et al.  Early Phase of Insulin Release , 1968, Diabetes.

[12]  G. Grodsky,et al.  Dynamics of insulin secretion by the perfused rat pancreas. , 1968, Endocrinology.

[13]  R. Gleason,et al.  Elevated serum human growth hormone and decreased serum insulin in prediabetic males after intravenous tolbutamide and glucose. , 1968, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[14]  R. Gleason,et al.  Diminished Serum Insulin Response to Glucose in Genetic Prediabetic Males with Normal Glucose Tolerance , 1968, Diabetes.

[15]  D. Porte,et al.  The significance of basal insulin levels in the evaluation of the insulin response to glucose in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. , 1967, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[16]  J. Colwell,et al.  Diminished Insulin Response to Hyperglycemia in Prediabetes and Diabetes , 1967, Diabetes.

[17]  Erol Cerasi,et al.  An analogue computer model for the insulin response to glucose infusion. , 1967 .

[18]  M. T. Brennan,et al.  Insulin secretion in response to glycemic stimulus: relation of delayed initial release to carbohydrate intolerance in mild diabetes mellitus. , 1967, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[19]  A. Lazarow,et al.  Immunoassay of Insulin: Two Antibody System: Plasma Insulin Levels of Normal, Subdiabetic and Diabetic Rats , 1963, Diabetes.

[20]  W. Hoffman.  A RAPID PHOTOELECTRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF GLUCOSE IN BLOOD AND URINE , 1937 .