Prognostic factors in breast cancer: one fits all?

De behandeling van borstkanker bestaat in principe uit chirurgie met of zonder radiotherapie. Op grond van klinische en pathologische kenmerken van de tumor wordt een schatting gemaakt van de kans op het krijgen van uitzaaiingen. Op basis daarvan krijgt de patient het advies om wel of geen aanvullende behandeling te ondergaan. Het 70-genenprofiel is een nieuwe prognostische test die op grond van de expressie van 70 genen in het tumorweefsel een betrouwbaardere uitspraak kan doen over de neiging tot uitzaaien van een tumor. Het profiel blijkt in verschillende patientgroepen betrouwbaar en bruikbaar. Naast het 70-genenprofiel onderzocht Stella Mook ook de waarde van het computerprogramma Adjuvant!. Dit bepaalt op grond van klinisch-pathologische kenmerken de prognose van een patient en de te verwachten winst van een aanvullende behandeling.

[1]  W. Alexander,et al.  American Society of Clinical Oncology , 2020, Definitions.

[2]  E. Berns,et al.  Additional value of the 70-gene signature and levels of ER and PR for the prediction of outcome in tamoxifen-treated ER-positive breast cancer. , 2012, Breast.

[3]  A. Glas,et al.  Impact of mammographic screening on the detection of good and poor prognosis breast cancers , 2011, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[4]  J. Coebergh,et al.  Variation in management of early breast cancer in the Netherlands, 2003-2006. , 2010, European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology.

[5]  Kelly K. Hunt,et al.  Locoregional recurrence after sentinel lymph node dissection with or without axillary dissection in patients with sentinel lymph node metastases: the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 randomized trial. , 2010, Annals of surgery.

[6]  A. Glas,et al.  Clinical utility of the 70-gene MammaPrint profile in a Japanese population. , 2010, Japanese journal of clinical oncology.

[7]  M. J. van de Vijver,et al.  The 70-gene prognosis signature predicts early metastasis in breast cancer patients between 55 and 70 years of age. , 2010, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[8]  A. Luini,et al.  Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer: Ten-Year Results of a Randomized Controlled Study , 2010, Annals of surgery.

[9]  R. Rosenfeld,et al.  Cases , 2010, Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

[10]  L. J. Veer,et al.  The predictive value of the 70-gene signature for adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer , 2010, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[11]  Annuska M. Glas,et al.  The 70-gene signature as a response predictor for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer , 2010, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[12]  L. J. Veer,et al.  Metastatic Potential of T1 Breast Cancer can be Predicted by the 70-gene MammaPrint Signature , 2010, Annals of Surgical Oncology.

[13]  B. Fisher,et al.  The breast cancer alternative hypothesis: is there evidence to justify replacing it? , 2010, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[14]  S. Mook,et al.  Calibration and discriminatory accuracy of prognosis calculation for breast cancer with the online Adjuvant! program: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study. , 2009, The Lancet. Oncology.

[15]  Laura Esserman,et al.  Rethinking screening for breast cancer and prostate cancer. , 2009, JAMA.

[16]  A. Hart,et al.  Validation of 70-gene prognosis signature in node-negative breast cancer , 2009, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[17]  Peter C Gøtzsche,et al.  Overdiagnosis in publicly organised mammography screening programmes: systematic review of incidence trends , 2009, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[18]  H. Adami,et al.  Improved breast cancer survival following introduction of an organized mammography screening program among both screened and unscreened women: a population-based cohort study , 2009, Breast Cancer Research.

[19]  R. Gelber,et al.  Thresholds for therapies: highlights of the St Gallen International Expert Consensus on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2009 , 2009, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[20]  E. Rutgers,et al.  MammaPrint 70-gene profile quantifies the likelihood of recurrence for early breast cancer. , 2009, Expert opinion on medical diagnostics.

[21]  D. Larsimont,et al.  Daily clinical practice of fresh tumour tissue freezing and gene expression profiling; logistics pilot study preceding the MINDACT trial. , 2009, European journal of cancer.

[22]  S. Michiels,et al.  Exonic expression profiling of breast cancer and benign lesions: a retrospective analysis. , 2009, The Lancet. Oncology.

[23]  S. Linn,et al.  Identification of a low-risk subgroup of HER-2-positive breast cancer by the 70-gene prognosis signature , 2009, British Journal of Cancer.

[24]  Angela Fagerlin,et al.  Improving understanding of adjuvant therapy options by using simpler risk graphics , 2008, Cancer.

[25]  M. Ellis,et al.  Recommendations for collection and handling of specimens from group breast cancer clinical trials. , 2008, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[26]  H. Welch,et al.  The natural history of invasive breast cancers detected by screening mammography. , 2008, Archives of internal medicine.

[27]  Carlos Caldas,et al.  A comprehensive analysis of prognostic signatures reveals the high predictive capacity of the Proliferation, Immune response and RNA splicing modules in breast cancer , 2008, Breast Cancer Research.

[28]  J. Otten,et al.  Impressive time‐related influence of the Dutch screening programme on breast cancer incidence and mortality, 1975‐2006 , 2008, International journal of cancer.

[29]  J. Coebergh,et al.  Substantial increase in the use of adjuvant systemic treatment for early stage breast cancer reflects changes in guidelines in the period 1990-2006 in the southeastern Netherlands. , 2008, European journal of cancer.

[30]  Bernard Rachet,et al.  Cancer survival in five continents: a worldwide population-based study (CONCORD). , 2008, The Lancet. Oncology.

[31]  J. Marks,et al.  Young age at diagnosis correlates with worse prognosis and defines a subset of breast cancers with shared patterns of gene expression. , 2008, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[32]  L. Esserman,et al.  Risk communication with patients with breast cancer: cautionary notes about printing Adjuvant! estimates. , 2008, The Lancet. Oncology.

[33]  S. Duffy,et al.  Screen-detected vs symptomatic breast cancer: is improved survival due to stage migration alone? , 2008, British Journal of Cancer.

[34]  Sridhar Ramaswamy,et al.  Analysis of the MammaPrint Breast Cancer Assay in a Predominantly Postmenopausal Cohort , 2008, Clinical Cancer Research.

[35]  L. V. van't Veer,et al.  Clinical application of the 70-gene profile: the MINDACT trial. , 2008, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[36]  R. Peto,et al.  Adjuvant chemotherapy in oestrogen-receptor-poor breast cancer: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. , 2008, Lancet.

[37]  C. Ingvar,et al.  Axillary Recurrence Rate After Negative Sentinel Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer: Three-Year Follow-Up of the Swedish Multicenter Cohort Study , 2008, Annals of Surgery.

[38]  J. Nevins,et al.  Validation of gene signatures that predict the response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a substudy of the EORTC 10994/BIG 00-01 clinical trial. , 2007, The Lancet. Oncology.

[39]  Wim H van Harten,et al.  Use of 70-gene signature to predict prognosis of patients with node-negative breast cancer: a prospective community-based feasibility study (RASTER). , 2007, The Lancet. Oncology.

[40]  R. Bast,et al.  American Society of Clinical Oncology 2007 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in breast cancer. , 2007, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[41]  G. Hortobagyi,et al.  Overall survival and cause-specific mortality of patients with stage T1a,bN0M0 breast carcinoma. , 2007, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[42]  S. Pocock,et al.  The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. , 2007, Preventive medicine.

[43]  Yi Zhang,et al.  Pathway analysis of gene signatures predicting metastasis of node-negative primary breast cancer , 2007, BMC Cancer.

[44]  D. Berry,et al.  Breast cancer trends: a marriage between clinical trial evidence and epidemiology. , 2007, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[45]  J. Bergh,et al.  Strong Time Dependence of the 76-Gene Prognostic Signature for Node-Negative Breast Cancer Patients in the TRANSBIG Multicenter Independent Validation Series , 2007, Clinical Cancer Research.

[46]  Stella Mook,et al.  Individualization of therapy using Mammaprint: from development to the MINDACT Trial. , 2007, Cancer genomics & proteomics.

[47]  Wim H van Harten,et al.  Methodology of constructive technology assessment in health care , 2007, International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care.

[48]  J. Bergh,et al.  Definition of clinically distinct molecular subtypes in estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomas through genomic grade. , 2007, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[49]  J. Coebergh,et al.  An overview of prognostic factors for long-term survivors of breast cancer , 2007, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[50]  Stefan Michiels,et al.  Gene expression profiling: does it add predictive accuracy to clinical characteristics in cancer prognosis? , 2007, European journal of cancer.

[51]  J. Couzin Amid Debate, Gene-Based Cancer Test Approved , 2007, Science.

[52]  J. Forbes,et al.  Five years of letrozole compared with tamoxifen as initial adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive early breast cancer: update of study BIG 1-98. , 2007, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[53]  P. Ravdin,et al.  A decision aid to assist in adjuvant therapy choices for breast cancer , 2006, Psycho-oncology.

[54]  A. Witteveen,et al.  Converting a breast cancer microarray signature into a high-throughput diagnostic test , 2006, BMC Genomics.

[55]  H. Dressman,et al.  Genomic signatures to guide the use of chemotherapeutics , 2006, Nature Medicine.

[56]  E. Rutgers,et al.  Gene signature evaluation as a prognostic tool: challenges in the design of the MINDACT trial , 2006, Nature Clinical Practice Oncology.

[57]  S. Hilsenbeck,et al.  The HOXB13:IL17BR expression index is a prognostic factor in early-stage breast cancer. , 2006, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[58]  J. Ross,et al.  Pharmacogenomic predictor of sensitivity to preoperative chemotherapy with paclitaxel and fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide in breast cancer. , 2006, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[59]  L. V. van't Veer,et al.  Validation and clinical utility of a 70-gene prognostic signature for women with node-negative breast cancer. , 2006, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[60]  A. Nobel,et al.  Concordance among Gene-Expression – Based Predictors for Breast Cancer , 2011 .

[61]  M. Cronin,et al.  Gene expression and benefit of chemotherapy in women with node-negative, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. , 2006, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[62]  S. Shak,et al.  A population-based study of tumor gene expression and risk of breast cancer death among lymph node-negative patients , 2006, Breast Cancer Research.

[63]  Ahmedin Jemal,et al.  Trends in Breast Cancer by Race and Ethnicity: Update 2006 , 2006, CA: a cancer journal for clinicians.

[64]  G. Hortobagyi,et al.  Prognosis and management of patients with node-negative invasive breast carcinoma that is 1 cm or smaller in size (stage 1; T1a,bN0M0): a review of the literature. , 2006, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[65]  Roland Eils,et al.  Gene expression signature predicting pathologic complete response with gemcitabine, epirubicin, and docetaxel in primary breast cancer. , 2006, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[66]  J. Foekens,et al.  Multicenter validation of a gene expression-based prognostic signature in lymph node-negative primary breast cancer. , 2006, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[67]  J. Forbes,et al.  Predictors of early relapse in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in the BIG 1-98 trial. , 2006, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[68]  D. Berry,et al.  Effect of screening and adjuvant therapy on mortality from breast cancer. , 2006, The New England journal of medicine.

[69]  L. Clegg,et al.  Community-based use of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early-stage breast cancer: 1987-2000. , 2006, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[70]  M. J. van de Vijver,et al.  Gene expression profiling in breast cancer: understanding the molecular basis of histologic grade to improve prognosis. , 2006, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[71]  Zhao Chen,et al.  Ethnicity and breast cancer: factors influencing differences in incidence and outcome. , 2005, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[72]  R. Gelber,et al.  Meeting highlights: international expert consensus on the primary therapy of early breast cancer 2005. , 2005, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[73]  H. Dai,et al.  No common denominator for breast cancer lymph node metastasis , 2005, British Journal of Cancer.

[74]  R. Demicheli,et al.  Breast cancer recurrence dynamics following adjuvant CMF is consistent with tumor dormancy and mastectomy-driven acceleration of the metastatic process. , 2005, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[75]  I. Tannock,et al.  Should screen-detected breast cancers be managed differently? , 2005, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[76]  Yu Shen,et al.  Role of detection method in predicting breast cancer survival: analysis of randomized screening trials. , 2005, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[77]  W. Sauerbrei,et al.  Reporting recommendations for tumor marker prognostic studies (REMARK). , 2005, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[78]  Roman Rouzier,et al.  Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes Respond Differently to Preoperative Chemotherapy , 2005, Clinical Cancer Research.

[79]  M. Dowsett,et al.  Neoadjuvant treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer with anastrozole, tamoxifen, or both in combination: the Immediate Preoperative Anastrozole, Tamoxifen, or Combined with Tamoxifen (IMPACT) multicenter double-blind randomized trial. , 2005, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[80]  J. Peterse,et al.  Breast cancer metastasis: markers and models , 2005, Nature Reviews Cancer.

[81]  J. Forbes,et al.  BIG 1-98: Randomized double-blind phase III study to evaluate letrozole (L) vs. tamoxifen (T) as adjuvant endocrine therapy for postmenopausal women with receptor-positive breast cancer , 2005 .

[82]  M. J. van de Vijver,et al.  Changes in gene expression associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. , 2005, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[83]  Y Wang,et al.  Effects of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early breast cancer on recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials , 2005, The Lancet.

[84]  John Quackenbush,et al.  Multiple-laboratory comparison of microarray platforms , 2005, Nature Methods.

[85]  Kevin Coombes,et al.  Prognostic Role of a Multigene Reverse Transcriptase-PCR Assay in Patients with Node-Negative Breast Cancer Not Receiving Adjuvant Systemic Therapy , 2005, Clinical Cancer Research.

[86]  Kathleen F. Kerr,et al.  Standardizing global gene expression analysis between laboratories and across platforms , 2005, Nature Methods.

[87]  Karen A Gelmon,et al.  Population-based validation of the prognostic model ADJUVANT! for early breast cancer. , 2005, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[88]  Howard Y. Chang,et al.  Robustness, scalability, and integration of a wound-response gene expression signature in predicting breast cancer survival. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[89]  J. Foekens,et al.  Gene-expression profiles to predict distant metastasis of lymph-node-negative primary breast cancer , 2005, The Lancet.

[90]  Maurice P H M Jansen,et al.  Molecular classification of tamoxifen-resistant breast carcinomas by gene expression profiling. , 2005, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[91]  Shinzaburo Noguchi,et al.  Prediction of docetaxel response in human breast cancer by gene expression profiling. , 2005, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[92]  Kenneth H Buetow,et al.  Interlaboratory comparability study of cancer gene expression analysis using oligonucleotide microarrays. , 2005, Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

[93]  M. Cronin,et al.  A multigene assay to predict recurrence of tamoxifen-treated, node-negative breast cancer. , 2004, The New England journal of medicine.

[94]  Donna Neuberg,et al.  Comparison of frozen and RNALater solid tissue storage methods for use in RNA expression microarrays , 2004, BMC Genomics.

[95]  R. Carlson,et al.  Update: NCCN breast cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines. , 2004, Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN.

[96]  C. Halkes,et al.  In vivo regulation of plasma free fatty acids in insulin resistance. , 2004, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[97]  V. Kataja,et al.  Risk for distant recurrence of breast cancer detected by mammography screening or other methods. , 2004, JAMA.

[98]  H. D. de Koning,et al.  Decreased rates of advanced breast cancer due to mammography screening in The Netherlands , 2004, British Journal of Cancer.

[99]  Roman Rouzier,et al.  Gene expression profiles in paraffin-embedded core biopsy tissue predict response to chemotherapy in women with locally advanced breast cancer. , 2004, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[100]  P. Lønning,et al.  Cognitive ability in childhood and cognitive decline in mid-life: longitudinal birth cohort study , 2003, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[101]  H. D. de Koning,et al.  Trends in the usage of adjuvant systemic therapy for breast cancer in the Netherlands and its effect on mortality , 2004, British Journal of Cancer.

[102]  E. Perez,et al.  A randomized trial of letrozole in postmenopausal women after five years of tamoxifen therapy for early-stage breast cancer. , 2004, The New England journal of medicine.

[103]  M. Coleman,et al.  Breast carcinoma survival in Europe and the United States , 2004, Cancer.

[104]  Philip M. Long,et al.  Breast cancer classification and prognosis based on gene expression profiles from a population-based study , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[105]  Umberto Veronesi,et al.  A randomized comparison of sentinel-node biopsy with routine axillary dissection in breast cancer. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.

[106]  Syed Mohsin,et al.  Gene expression profiling for the prediction of therapeutic response to docetaxel in patients with breast cancer , 2003, The Lancet.

[107]  K. Bloom,et al.  The Her-2/neu gene and protein in breast cancer 2003: biomarker and target of therapy. , 2003, The oncologist.

[108]  R. Tibshirani,et al.  Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[109]  R. Eils,et al.  From latent disseminated cells to overt metastasis: Genetic analysis of systemic breast cancer progression , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[110]  M. West,et al.  Gene expression predictors of breast cancer outcomes , 2003, The Lancet.

[111]  A. Miller,et al.  Why is breast-cancer mortality declining? , 2003, The Lancet. Oncology.

[112]  M. J. van de Vijver,et al.  Locally advanced/inflammatory breast cancers treated with intensive epirubicin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy: are there molecular markers in the primary tumour that predict for 5-year clinical outcome? , 2003, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[113]  J. Coebergh,et al.  Breast Cancers Found by Screening: Earlier Detection, Lower Malignant Potential or Both? , 2002, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[114]  Nilanjan Chatterjee,et al.  Estrogen Receptor Breast Cancer Phenotypes in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database , 2002, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[115]  N. Stoecklein,et al.  Genetic heterogeneity of single disseminated tumour cells in minimal residual cancer , 2002, The Lancet.

[116]  David Miles,et al.  Superior survival with capecitabine plus docetaxel combination therapy in anthracycline-pretreated patients with advanced breast cancer: phase III trial results. , 2002, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[117]  G. Q. della Rovere,et al.  Ipsilateral local recurrence of breast cancer: determinant or indicator of poor prognosis? , 2002, The Lancet. Oncology.

[118]  S. Dudoit,et al.  Comparison of Discrimination Methods for the Classification of Tumors Using Gene Expression Data , 2002 .

[119]  A. McTiernan,et al.  Weight loss in breast cancer patient management. , 2002, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[120]  D. Haggstrom,et al.  All-cause mortality in randomized trials of cancer screening. , 2002, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[121]  Yudong D. He,et al.  Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer , 2002, Nature.

[122]  N. Brünner,et al.  Pooled analysis of prognostic impact of urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its inhibitor PAI-1 in 8377 breast cancer patients. , 2002, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[123]  R. Spang,et al.  Predicting the clinical status of human breast cancer by using gene expression profiles , 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[124]  R. Tibshirani,et al.  Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications , 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[125]  Robert J. Mayer,et al.  National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: adjuvant therapy for breast cancer, November 1-3, 2000. , 2001, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[126]  Yudong D. He,et al.  Expression profiling using microarrays fabricated by an ink-jet oligonucleotide synthesizer , 2001, Nature Biotechnology.

[127]  C. Giardina,et al.  Prognostic factors in breast cancer: the predictive value of the Nottingham Prognostic Index in patients with a long-term follow-up that were treated in a single institution. , 2001, European journal of cancer.

[128]  P. Ravdin,et al.  Computer program to assist in making decisions about adjuvant therapy for women with early breast cancer. , 2001, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[129]  David A Jones,et al.  Preservation of RNA for Functional Genomic Studies: A Multidisciplinary Tumor Bank Protocol , 2001, Modern Pathology.

[130]  D. Rimm,et al.  Validation of Tissue Microarray Technology in Breast Carcinoma , 2000, Laboratory Investigation.

[131]  Christian A. Rees,et al.  Molecular portraits of human breast tumours , 2000, Nature.

[132]  A E Giuliano,et al.  Prospective observational study of sentinel lymphadenectomy without further axillary dissection in patients with sentinel node-negative breast cancer. , 2000, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[133]  M. Nooij,et al.  [Adjuvant systemic therapy for patients with resectable breast cancer: guideline from the Dutch National Breast Cancer Platform and the Dutch Society for Medical Oncology]. , 2000, Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde.

[134]  R. Elledge,et al.  Tumor characteristics and clinical outcome of elderly women with breast cancer. , 2000, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[135]  M. Schemper,et al.  Predictive Accuracy and Explained Variation in Cox Regression , 2000, Biometrics.

[136]  B. Angus,et al.  A study of interval breast cancer within the NHS breast screening programme , 2000, Journal of clinical pathology.

[137]  P. Porter,et al.  Breast tumor characteristics as predictors of mammographic detection: comparison of interval- and screen-detected cancers. , 1999, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[138]  M. Monden,et al.  Analysis of chemical modification of RNA from formalin-fixed samples and optimization of molecular biology applications for such samples. , 1999, Nucleic acids research.

[139]  B. Gusterson,et al.  Role of immunohistochemical detection of lymph-node metastases in management of breast cancer , 1999, The Lancet.

[140]  H. Joensuu,et al.  Long-term survival in node-positive breast cancer treated by locoregional therapy alone. , 1998, British Journal of Cancer.

[141]  K Vajda,et al.  [Prognostic factors in breast cancer]. , 1998, Orvosi hetilap.

[142]  H. D. de Koning,et al.  Nation‐wide breast cancer screening in The Netherlands: Results of initial and subsequent screening 1990–1995 , 1998, International journal of cancer.

[143]  M. Kerin Cancer principles and practice of oncology , 1997 .

[144]  B A Miller,et al.  Recent trends in U.S. breast cancer incidence, survival, and mortality rates. , 1996, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[145]  T. Wobbes,et al.  Interval carcinomas of the breast: A group with intermediate outcome , 1996, Journal of surgical oncology.

[146]  R. Gray,et al.  Annual hazard rates of recurrence for breast cancer after primary therapy. , 1996, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[147]  F. Harrell,et al.  Prognostic/Clinical Prediction Models: Multivariable Prognostic Models: Issues in Developing Models, Evaluating Assumptions and Adequacy, and Measuring and Reducing Errors , 2005 .

[148]  Ronald W. Davis,et al.  Quantitative Monitoring of Gene Expression Patterns with a Complementary DNA Microarray , 1995, Science.

[149]  H. D. de Koning,et al.  Nation‐wide breast cancer screening in the Netherlands: Support for breast‐cancer mortality reduction , 1995, International journal of cancer.

[150]  M. MacDonald,et al.  An Improved Approach to Prepare Human Brains for Research , 1995, Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology.

[151]  B. Fisher The evolution of paradigms for the management of breast cancer: a personal perspective. , 1992, Cancer research.

[152]  D. Page Prognosis and Breast Cancer: Recognition of Lethal and Favorable Prognostic Types , 1991, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[153]  C. Carter,et al.  Relation of tumor size, lymph node status, and survival in 24,740 breast cancer cases , 1989, Cancer.

[154]  S Hellman,et al.  Pathological prognostic factors in stage I (T1N0M0) and stage II (T1N1M0) breast carcinoma: a study of 644 patients with median follow-up of 18 years. , 1989, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[155]  R. Tarone,et al.  Analysis of breast cancer mortality and stage distribution by age for the Health Insurance Plan clinical trial. , 1988, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[156]  I. O. Ellis,et al.  Confirmation of a prognostic index in primary breast cancer. , 1987, British Journal of Cancer.

[157]  A R Feinstein,et al.  The Will Rogers phenomenon. Stage migration and new diagnostic techniques as a source of misleading statistics for survival in cancer. , 1985, The New England journal of medicine.

[158]  S. Koscielny,et al.  Breast cancer: relationship between the size of the primary tumour and the probability of metastatic dissemination. , 1984, British Journal of Cancer.

[159]  C. Redmond,et al.  Breast cancer estrogen and progesterone receptor values: their distribution, degree of concordance, and relation to number of positive axillary nodes. , 1983, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[160]  R. Blamey,et al.  A prognostic index in primary breast cancer. , 1982, British Journal of Cancer.

[161]  A. Luini,et al.  Comparing radical mastectomy with quadrantectomy, axillary dissection, and radiotherapy in patients with small cancers of the breast. , 1982, The New England journal of medicine.

[162]  S. Shapiro,et al.  Lead time in breast cancer detection and implications for periodicity of screening. , 1974, American journal of epidemiology.

[163]  S. Shapiro,et al.  Lead time gained by diagnostic screening for breast cancer. , 1968, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[164]  H. Bloom,et al.  Histological Grading and Prognosis in Breast Cancer , 1957, British Journal of Cancer.

[165]  W. Halsted,et al.  I. The Results of Operations for the Cure of Cancer of the Breast Performed at the Johns Hopkins Hospital from June, 1889, to January, 1894. , 1894, Annals of surgery.

[166]  S. Mook,et al.  Prognostic factors in breast cancer: one fits all? , 2011 .

[167]  Robert B Livingston,et al.  Prognostic and predictive value of the 21-gene recurrence score assay in postmenopausal women with node-positive, oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer on chemotherapy: a retrospective analysis of a randomised trial. , 2010, The Lancet. Oncology.

[168]  Jack Cuzick,et al.  Effect of anastrozole and tamoxifen as adjuvant treatment for early-stage breast cancer: 100-month analysis of the ATAC trial. , 2008, The Lancet. Oncology.

[169]  M. Linver 4–23 Pathologic Findings From the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium: Population-Based Outcomes in Women Undergoing Biopsy After Screening Mammography , 2007 .

[170]  T. Eberlein A Multigene Assay to Predict Recurrence of Tamoxifen-Treated, Node-Negative Breast Cancer , 2006 .

[171]  E. Feuer,et al.  SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2003 , 2006 .

[172]  Marc Buyse,et al.  Multi-centre independent validation of a gene prognostic signature for patients with node-negative breast cancer (BC) - final results , 2005 .

[173]  I. Ellis,et al.  The Nottingham prognostic index in primary breast cancer , 2005, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[174]  M. J. van de Vijver Gene-expression profiling and the future of adjuvant therapy. , 2005, The oncologist.

[175]  Debjani Dutta,et al.  Measurement of gene expression in archival paraffin-embedded tissues: development and performance of a 92-gene reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay. , 2004, The American journal of pathology.

[176]  M. Radmacher,et al.  Pitfalls in the use of DNA microarray data for diagnostic and prognostic classification. , 2003, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[177]  H. D. de Koning Mammographic screening: evidence from randomised controlled trials. , 2003, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[178]  Van,et al.  A gene-expression signature as a predictor of survival in breast cancer. , 2002, The New England journal of medicine.

[179]  René Bernards,et al.  A progression puzzle. , 2002, Nature.

[180]  R. Love Meeting highlights: International Consensus Panel on the treatment of primary breast cancer. , 2002, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[181]  ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline. Statistical principles for clinical trials. International Conference on Harmonisation E9 Expert Working Group. , 1999, Statistics in medicine.

[182]  D. Botstein,et al.  Exploring the new world of the genome with DNA microarrays , 1999, Nature Genetics.

[183]  H. Sack [Increasing incidence and declining mortality in breast carcinoma]. , 1997, Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al].

[184]  J. Ranstam,et al.  Increasing incidence of and declining mortality from breast carcinoma , 1997, Cancer.

[185]  L. Penland,et al.  Use of a cDNA microarray to analyse gene expression patterns in human cancer , 1996, Nature Genetics.

[186]  K. Zedeler,et al.  Medullary carcinoma of the breast, prognostic importance of characteristic histopathological features evaluated in a multivariate Cox analysis. , 1994, European journal of cancer.

[187]  X. Zhang,et al.  Interval breast cancers are not biologically distinct--just more difficult to diagnose. , 1994, American journal of surgery.

[188]  R. Connor,et al.  Stage-shift cancer screening model. , 1989, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[189]  Donald E. Henson,et al.  Relation of tumor size, lymph node status, and survival in 24,740 breast cancer cases , 1989 .

[190]  D.,et al.  Regression Models and Life-Tables , 2022 .