A Smart Parking System based on IoT protocols and emerging enabling technologies

Enabling a sustainable mobility is one of primary goals of the so-called Smart City vision, and the development of intelligent parking systems represents a key aspect. To this purpose, this paper presents a novel Smart Parking System based on the jointly use of different technologies, such as RFID, WSN, NFC, Cloud, and mobile. It is able to collect, in real time, both environmental parameters and information about the occupancy state of parking spaces, and to direct drivers to the nearest vacant parking spot by using a customized software application. This last one leverages a NFC-based e-wallet system to allow users to pay for parking fees. Furthermore, a customized software application, installed on a cloud platform, is able to manage alert events (e.g. improper use of a reserved space or expiration of the purchased time). In such a case, it promptly informs the traffic cops through an Android mobile app, which has been designed ad hoc for the considered scenario.

[1]  Danilo De Donno,et al.  An IoT-Aware Architecture for Smart Healthcare Systems , 2015, IEEE Internet of Things Journal.

[2]  Luca Mainetti,et al.  Evaluating potential benefits of the use of RFID, EPCglobal, and ebXML in the pharmaceutical supply chain , 2012 .

[3]  Danilo De Donno,et al.  Integrating Passive UHF RFID Tags with WSN Nodes: Challenges and Opportunities , 2014 .

[4]  Carsten Bormann,et al.  CoAP: An Application Protocol for Billions of Tiny Internet Nodes , 2012, IEEE Internet Computing.

[5]  Luca Mainetti,et al.  Evolution of wireless sensor networks towards the Internet of Things: A survey , 2011, SoftCOM 2011, 19th International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks.

[6]  Li Zhao,et al.  A Cloud-Based Car Parking Middleware for IoT-Based Smart Cities: Design and Implementation , 2014, Sensors.

[7]  Sneha A. Dalvi,et al.  Internet of Things for Smart Cities , 2017 .

[8]  Luca Mainetti,et al.  IDA-Pay: An innovative micro-payment system based on NFC technology for Android mobile devices , 2012, SoftCOM 2012, 20th International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks.

[9]  Ingrid Moerman,et al.  Facilitating the creation of IoT applications through conditional observations in CoAP , 2013, EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw..

[10]  J. Portilla,et al.  Smart parking service based on Wireless Sensor Networks , 2012, IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[11]  Luca Mainetti,et al.  IDA-Pay: a secure and efficient micro-payment system based on Peer-to-Peer NFC technology for Android mobile devices , 2012 .

[12]  Maria Laura Stefanizzi,et al.  Performance Evaluation of an Energy-Efficient MAC Scheduler by using a Test Bed Approach , 2013 .

[13]  Sabato Marco Siniscalchi,et al.  Architecture for parking management in smart cities , 2014 .

[14]  Wenbo He,et al.  A Reservation-based Smart Parking System , 2011, 2011 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS).

[15]  Milind R. Naphade,et al.  Smarter Cities and Their Innovation Challenges , 2011, Computer.

[16]  Maria Laura Stefanizzi,et al.  Integration of RFID and WSN technologies in a Smart Parking System , 2014, 2014 22nd International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM).

[17]  K. Shadan,et al.  Available online: , 2012 .

[18]  Maria Laura Stefanizzi,et al.  Implementation and validation of an energy-efficient MAC scheduler for WSNs by a test bed approach , 2012, SoftCOM 2012, 20th International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks.

[19]  Ronnie Schöb,et al.  Alleviating Urban Traffic Congestion , 2005 .